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Inproceedings Reference Au fond du fossé. Les céramiques de la fin du Second Âge du Fer du site de Latinne "Les Grandes Pièces" (Braives)
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2023
Inproceedings Reference Avancées récentes sur le Paléogène inférieur des bassins parisien et belge à partir des mammifères
La compréhension progressive des différents réchauffements climatiques intenses du Paléogène inférieur (PETM, ETM-2, EECO…) a créé un intérêt évident pour une stratigraphie de plus en plus fine des bassins sédimentaires qui ont enregistrés ces événements. Ces derniers, identifiés sur base géochimique, demandent à être corrélés avec les événements biologiques qui en découlent et qui ont été, eux aussi, enregistrés dans ces bassins. Dans ce cadre, les bassins parisien, de Londres et de Belgique, formant le sud du Bassin de la Mer du Nord, représentent des modèles de choix pour la communauté géoscientifique de par leur reconnaissance historique et les étages internationaux Lutétien, Yprésien et Thanétien qu’ils ont respectivement permis de définir. Si les connaissances sur les dépôts marins ont fait d’énormes progrès notamment grâce aux études micropaléontologiques détaillées, qu’en est-il aujourd’hui des dépôts continentaux souvent délaissés par leur complexité à être interprétés? Vingt-cinq ans d’expertise en biochronologie mammalienne de notre équipe bruxelloise et de ses collaborateurs sont ici survolés, mettant en exergue l’utilité des mammifères en stratigraphie et paléogéographie. L’exposé porte tant sur des taxons marqueurs que des faunes entières issues de sites historiques ou nouveaux du Bassin parisien et de son complémentaire le bassin belge (Hainin, Maret, Rivecourt, Dormaal, Erquelinnes, Meudon, Sotteville-sur-Mer, Egem, Oosterzele…). Ainsi, des niveaux de référence de l’échelle biochronologique européenne des mammifères du Paléogène (MP) sont précisés, de nouveaux âges à mammifères européens sont identifiés et la stratigraphie tant à l’échelle locale que nord-ouest européenne est affinée. Malgré tout le travail accompli, les questions sont nombreuses et beaucoup reste à faire tant l’étude des faunes de mammifères est incomplète!
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2021
Book Reference BICEpS Annual report 2019 – Reinforcing Belgian ICES People
The International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES; French: Conseil International pour l'Exploration de la Mer, CIEM) is an intergovernmental marine science organization that brings together the efforts and knowledge of 20 Member States, bordering the North Atlantic and the Arctic Circumpolar Zone, on physical oceanography, marine ecosystems and fisheries management. Nowadays, more than 80 Belgian scientists are directly involved in the work of the 150 bodies and expert groups of ICES, which gather the expertise of more than 1500 scientists yearly, totalling up to 5000 scientists from over 700 marine institutes and organizations over the years. This important and often voluntary dedication of Belgian scientists to the work of ICES deserves more visibility among the Belgian scientific community itself and to policy makers.This is, among others, why the BICEpS initiative was launched in 2018. BICEpS general aim is to offer a platform to the Belgian ICES community to get to know each other, to improve collaboration and share information, and to promote ICES to the wider scientific community in Belgium. BICEpS Annual report 2019 presents the second year of activity of this initiative created to reinforce Belgian ICES people. The report targets marine scientists, marine managers and policy makers. It presents the results of the initiative so far. The report contains the list of Belgian ICES members in 2019 with their membership to the different ICES working groups, and the results of the second BICEpS Colloquium organised on 2 December 2019 and hosted by ILVO in Ghent (Summary of the sessions, abstracts of communications presented and list of participants). The abstracts of the colloquium are supplemented by a separate annex published online which assembles the PowerPoint presentations of the colloquium accessible at http://ices.dk/community/groups/Documents/BICEPS/BICEpS19-PPT-presentations.pdf This report is accessible on the ICES website at http://ices.dk/community/groups/Pages/BICEpS.aspx
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2020
Inproceedings Reference Bioerosional marks in the shells of two extinct sea turtle taxa from the Eocene of Belgium
Bioerosional marks are frequently recognized as indicators of the dynamic interactions between the organisms and their surrounding environments. In the fossil record, these structures are frequently manifest in the skeletal remains of vertebrates, being commonly associated to predation activity, scavenging, or post-mortem degradation processes. In the case of the turtles, their shells offer a distinctive substrate, exposed for the development of bioerosional processes throughout the organism life, unlike other vertebrate osseous structures. These bioerosions can indicate the type of habitat in which the turtles live, their behavioral patterns, and even their state of health. Sea turtles, as other marine vertebrates, have been extensively studied in the realms of the biology, evolution, and conservation. However, relatively scarce information is available regarding the pathologies and infectious diseases affecting their shells, especially when extinct taxa are analyzed. The aim of this study is to analyze the diverse types of bioerosional marks on the shells of two sea turtle individuals, attributable to taxa, from the Lutetian (middle Eocene) of Belgium. One of them corresponds to the shell of the holotype of Eochelone brabantica (IRSNB R 0001). Its carapace exhibits multiple erosive anomalies on several costal plates. The second specimen is a carapace of Puppigerus camperi (IRSNB R 0004). It displays different typologies of shell deviations, also of erosive character. The analyses of these specimens have been performed through both the detailed macroscopic examination and the study of the cross-sectional images provided by CT scanning in the case of Eochelone brabantica, and a 3D model obtained through a surface scanner for Puppigerus camperi. As a result, insights into the shell modifications of these two turtle individuals induced by various external agents have been provided, enhancing our understanding of the physical stressors affecting these organisms in ancient marine environments and the organisms responsible for these changes.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2025
Inproceedings Reference Brain evolution of early placental mammals: the impact of the end-Cretaceous mass extinction on the the neurosensory system of our distant relatives
The end-Cretaceous mass extinction, 66 million years ago, profoundly reshaped the biodiversity of our planet. After likely originating in the Cretaceous, placental mammals (species giving live birth to well-developed young) survived the extinction and quickly diversified in the ensuing Paleocene. Compared to Mesozoic species, extant placentals have advanced neurosensory abilities, enabled by a proportionally large brain with an expanded neocortex. This brain construction was acquired by the Eocene, but its origins, and how its evolution relates to extinction survivorship and recovery, are unclear, because little is known about the neurosensory systems of Paleocene species. We used high-resolution computed tomography (CT) scanning to build digital brain models in 29 extinct placentals (including 23 from the Paleocene). We added these to data from the literature to construct a database of 98 taxa, from the Jurassic to the Eocene, which we assessed in a phylogenetic context. We find that the Phylogenetic Encephalization Quotient (PEQ), a measure of relative brain size, increased in the Cretaceous along branches leading to Placentalia, but then decreased in Paleocene clades (taeniodonts, phenacodontids, pantodonts, periptychids, and arctocyonids). Later, during the Eocene, the PEQ increased independently in all crown groups (e.g., euarchontoglirans and laurasiatherians). The Paleocene decline in PEQ was driven by body mass increasing much more rapidly after the extinction than brain volume. The neocortex remained small, relative to the rest of the brain, in Paleocene taxa and expanded independently in Eocene crown groups. The relative size of the olfactory bulbs, however, remained relatively stable over time, except for a major decrease in Euarchontoglires and some Eocene artiodactyls, while the petrosal lobules (associated with eye movement coordination) decreased in size in Laurasiatheria but increased in Euarchontoglires. Our results indicate that an enlarged, modern-style brain was not instrumental to the survival of placental mammal ancestors at the end-Cretaceous, nor to their radiation in the Paleocene. Instead, opening of new ecological niches post-extinction promoted the diversification of larger body sizes, while brain and neocortex sizes lagged behind. The independent increase in PEQ in Eocene crown groups is related to the expansion of the neocortex, possibly a response to ecological specialization as environments changed, long after the extinction. Funding Sources Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions, European Research Council Starting Grant, National Science Foundation, Belgian Science Policy Office, DMNS No Walls Community Initiative.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2020
Inproceedings Reference Building a regional telescoped model of the Campine Basin for subsurface management
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2024
Inproceedings Reference Changes in suspended particle composition in the water column affect floc dynamics
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2023
Inproceedings Reference Characterization, procurement and transformation of iron-rich raw material during Early Neolithic in Northwestern Europe
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2022
Article Reference Chronique / Kroniek « Nouveaux regards sur les migrations anciennes : archéologie, géochimie et génétique »
Organisé par la Société Royale belge d’Anthropologie et de Préhistoire et le Collège Belgique le 26 mai 2023 au Palais des Académies (Bruxelles). Résumé du colloque.
Located in Associated publications / … / ANTHROPOLOGICA ET PREHISTORICA / Bibliographic references
Proceedings Reference Coastal geoarchaeology in the Mediterranean – on the interdependence of landscape dynamics, harbour installations and economic prosperity in the littoral realm, Panel 2.3. Archaeology and Economy in the Ancient World – Proceedings of the 19th Internationa
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2022