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Article Reference MEMOR: A database of archeological human remains collections from Flanders, Belgium
Abstract The aim of this article is to describe a newly created open access database of archeological human remains collections from Flanders, Belgium. The MEMOR database (www.memor.be) was created to provide an overview of the current practices of loans, reburial, and the research potential of human skeletons from archeological sites currently stored in Flanders. In addition, the project aimed to provide a legal and ethical framework for the handling of human remains and was created around stakeholder involvement from anthropologists, geneticists, contract archeologists, the local, regional and national government agencies, local and national government, universities, and representatives of the major religions. The project has resulted in the creation of a rich database with many collections available for study. The database was created using the open-source Arches data management platform that is freely available for organizations worldwide to configure in accordance with their individual needs and without restrictions on its use. Each collection is linked to information about the excavation and the site the remains originate from, its size and time period. In addition, a research potential tab reveals whether any analyses were performed, and whether excavation notes are available with the assemblage. The database currently contains 742 collections, ranging in size from 1 to over 1000 individuals. New collections will continue to be added when new assemblages are excavated and studied. The database can also be expanded to include human remains collections from other regions and other material categories, such as archaeozoological collections.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2023
Misc Reference Meristic variation of leg bristles in spider mites (Tetranychus urticae).
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications
Article Reference Mesocyclops thermocyclopoides species-group: redefinition and content
Within the genus Mesocyclops the thermocyclopoides species-group is defined on the basis of the presence of spiniform armature on the maxillar coxa. Examination of nineteen, mainly Palaeotropical species of Mesocyclops and nine representatives of the closely related genus Thermocyclops revealed, that the coxal part of the maxillar syncoxa of the species recently unified in the thermocyclopoides group is adorned with distinct rows of big spinules on its frontal surface. This character, with only one known exception in South Indian M. cf. papuensis, is absent in other species of Mesocyclops and all the Thermocyclops studied here. These species have no spinules on the maxillar coxa at all or very tiny scattered ones. © 1994 Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications
Article Reference Mesozoic mammals and early mammalian brain diversity
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications
Article Reference Met zulk mooi zand kun je alleen maar winnen
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2020
Article Reference Metabarcoding free‐living marine nematodes using curated 18S and CO1 reference sequence databases for species‐level taxonomic assignments
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2018
Article Reference Metagenomic analysis of dental calculus in ancient Egyptian baboons
Dental calculus, or mineralized plaque, represents a record of ancient biomolecules and food residues. Recently, ancient metagenomics made it possible to unlock the wealth of microbial and dietary information of dental calculus to reconstruct oral microbiomes and lifestyle of humans from the past. Although most studies have so far focused on ancient humans, dental calculus is known to form in a wide range of animals, potentially informing on how human-animal interactions changed the animals’ oral ecology. Here, we characterise the oral microbiome of six ancient Egyptian baboons held in captivity during the late Pharaonic era (9th–6th centuries BC) and of two historical baboons from a zoo via shotgun metagenomics. We demonstrate that these captive baboons possessed a distinctive oral microbiome when compared to ancient and modern humans, Neanderthals and a wild chimpanzee. These results may reflect the omnivorous dietary behaviour of baboons, even though health, food provisioning and other factors associated with human management, may have changed the baboons’ oral microbiome. We anticipate our study to be a starting point for more extensive studies on ancient animal oral microbiomes to examine the extent to which domestication and human management in the past affected the diet, health and lifestyle of target animals.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2019
Inproceedings Reference Metagenomics of tsunami deposits: developments and challenges from a case study on the Shetland Islands (UK)
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2021
Article Reference Octet Stream Metallothionein gene and protein expression as a biomarker for metal pollution in natural gudgeon populations
Gudgeons (Gobio gobio) from historically Cd and Zn contaminated sites in Flanders (Belgium) were found to be resistant to elevated Cd levels. In previous work, this increased resistance was largely explained by increased metallothionein (MT) expression. Recently, environmental cleanup efforts resulted in a significant decrease in Cd concentrations in the surface water. In this study, we evaluated the use of hepatic metal and metallothionein (MT) concentrations as biomarkers of metal exposure before and after the cleanup. Hepatic MT mRNA levels were determined after the environmental metal levels decreased in order to assess the applicability of MT gene expression as an environmental biomarker in natural fish populations. Our data show that both metallothionein protein and gene expression have the potential to be sensitive biomarkers for metal exposure. Significant correlations were found (a) among accumulated metal concentrations and both MT protein and mRNA levels, and (b) between MT protein and mRNA levels. However, our data illustrated that while MT protein and gene expression give a quantitative picture of metal load at a single time point, quantitative information in natural populations cannot always be obtained when different time points (including different years) are compared, since MT gene and protein expression are affected by many other factors in addition to the metal load. Furthermore, the result of the environmental cleanup was reflected in a decrease of hepatic Cd concentrations. Zn remained the most important factor determining MT concentrations. Finally, two differently sized MT mRNAs were amplified to test the hypothesis that 3′-UTR length can offer a protective advantage in conditions of environmental stress. Our data provided no evidence to support this hypothesis. In contrast, the ratio of the long mRNA variant relative to total MT mRNA was surprisingly constant, and independent of exposure history. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications
Article Reference Metallothionein-like Proteins as Cost-efficient Medchansism to Reduce Fitness Effects of Cadmium Exposure
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications