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Étude des restes humains d’Atifu, un “guerrier” samoan décédé en Belgique au XIXe siècle
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Cette présentation s’intègre dans le projet HOME (Human Remains Origin(s) Multidisciplinary Evaluation) dont le but est de donner un cadre juridique aux collections de restes humains de Belgique et de standardiser les mesures à prendre en cas de demande de rapatriement. Nous avons réalisé l’étude des restes d’Atifu, “guerrier” de l’île Tutuila (Samoa) décédé à Bruxelles en avril 1890 et autopsié par Émile Houzé (membre fondateur de la société d’anthropologie de Bruxelles). Ce Samoan, après un séjour aux États-Unis d’août à octobre 1889, était arrivé en Europe avec huit de ses compatriotes et devait retourner chez lui trois ans plus tard. Houzé avait eu l’occasion de les examiner lors de leur passage au musée Castan à Bruxelles. Dans sa publication reprenant leur examen anthropométrique détaillé, il donne la cause de décès d’Atifu (la rougeole) et mentionne qu’il était également atteint de tuberculose. Les vestiges anthropologiques d’Atifu consistent en un squelette presque complet et une partie de sa peau (depuis la ceinture jusqu’aux genoux). Celle-ci fut prélevée en raison des tatouages qu’elle présentait et fut naturalisée. L’étude anthropologique confirme que le squelette appartient bien à un individu masculin de plus d’1,70 m et d’origine polynésienne. Notre analyse met également en évidence une fracture guérie du premier métacarpien gauche et une asymétrie marquée des clavicules. Nous n’avons toutefois observé aucun signe osseux de tuberculose. Un modèle 3D de la partie naturalisée a été réalisé en lumière blanche ainsi qu’en lumière infrarouge. L’utilisation de la lumière infrarouge a pour but d’apporter un regard nouveau sur les tatouages. Outre l’intérêt anthropologique généré par une telle étude, elle prend une dimension toute particulière lorsqu’elle est remise en contexte des “zoos humains” et de la poignante histoire de ces individus déplacés pour assouvir la curiosité d’un public en quête d’exotisme.
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RBINS Staff Publications 2022
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Étude ostéologique de deux crémations provenant du site de Postel (Province d’Anvers, âge du Bronze)
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Two cremations dating from the Bronze Age were discovered in the 1950s in a burial mound in Postel in the province of Antwerp. The colour of the skeletal remains indicates a homogeneous cremation with a temperature of at least 800°C. The most ancient individual (dated to phase I of the construction of the burial mound) is the most complete: about ¾ of its remains, which belong to all anatomical categories, were transferred from the pyre to the grave. The osteological study reveals that it was probably an adult male who was at least 25 years of age. The second subject is more recent (dated to Phase III) and is thought to have been an individual of undetermined sex, under 20 years old. The smaller quantity of remains and the absence of some anatomical categories, including fragile and small bones, that this was a deliberate sorting made by the cremation officiant. This type of selection has already been seen in other Belgian sites dating from the Bronze Age and later.
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ANTHROPOLOGICA ET PREHISTORICA
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Bibliographic references
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Euglenes oculatus Paykull, 1798 in de Benelux (Insecta: Coleoptera: Aderidae)
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RBINS Staff Publications 2019
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Eurhinodelphinids from the early Miocene of Peru: first unambiguous records of these hyper-longirostrine dolphins outside the North Atlantic realm
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RBINS Staff Publications 2021
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EuroGOOS roadmap for operational coastal downstream services
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The EuroGOOS Coastal working group examines the entire coastal value chain from coastal observations to services for coastal users. The main objective of the working group is to review the status quo, identify gaps and future steps needed to secure and improve the sustainability of the European coastal service provision. Within this framework, our white paper defines a EuroGOOS roadmap for sustained “community coastal downstream service” provision, provided by a broad EuroGOOS community with focus on the national and local scale services. After defining the coastal services in this context, we describe the main components of coastal service provision and explore community benefits and requirements through sectoral examples (aquaculture, coastal tourism, renewable energy, port, cross-sectoral) together with the main challenges and barriers to user uptake. Technology integration challenges are outlined with respect to multiparameter observations, multi-platform observations, the land-coast-ocean continuum, and multidisciplinary data integration. Finally, the technological, financial, and institutional sustainability of coastal observing and coastal service provision are discussed. The paper gives special attention to the delineation of upstream and downstream services, public-private partnerships and the important role of Copernicus in better covering the coastal zone. Therefore, our white paper is a policy and practice review providing a comprehensive overview, in-depth discussion and actionable recommendations (according to key short-term or medium-term priorities) on the envisaged elements of a roadmap for sustained coastal service provision. EuroGOOS, as an entity that unites European national operational oceanography centres, research institutes and scientists across various domains within the broader field of operational oceanography, offers to be the engine and intermediary for the knowledge transfer and communication of experiences, best practices and information, not only amongst its members, but also amongst the different (research) infrastructures, institutes and agencies that have interests in coastal oceanography in Europe
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RBINS Staff Publications 2023
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European plaice movements show evidence of high residency , site fidelity , and feeding around hard substrates within an offshore wind f ar m
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Offshore wind farms (OWFs) are expanding rapidly in the North Sea, often creating spatial conflicts with fisheries. Managing such conflicts requires knowledge on the impact of OWFs on the spatial distribution and mo v ement beha viour of fished species. Ho w e v er, such kno wledge is still lacking, especially for soft sediment fish such as flatfish, which are vital fisheries resources in the region. T heref ore, w e used acoustic telemetry to examine the spatial behaviour of European plaice in relation to an OWF and its str uct ures. In a small study area (1.37 km 2 ), we observed high residency for plaice around the turbines and scour protection la y er (SPL), which consists of large rocks around the turbine foun- dation. The fish primarily resided on sandy sediments near the hard substrates, but sho w ed a diurnal pattern of proximity to the turbine, being closer during the day. Considering their trophic ecology, these findings suggest that plaice mo v es to w ards the SPL f or feeding opportunities on the hard substrate, potentially leading to increased ecological fish production within OWFs. Although most plaice mo v ed a w a y from the OWF in winter, lik ely to w ards spa wning grounds, man y e xhibited high site fidelity returning to the study area after the winter migration. OWFs thus offer protection from fishing mort alit y as “closed” feeding grounds in spring and summer, but not during winter spawning migrations, which may result in spillo v er effects. These insights should inform local fisheries management in relation to plaice movement within and around OWFs.
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RBINS Staff Publications 2023
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European Journal of Taxonomy. A success story en pleidooi voor ondersteuning op het vlak van institutionele publicatie.
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RBINS Staff Publications 2017
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European Red List of Terrestrial Molluscs
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RBINS Staff Publications 2019
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Evaluatieonderzoek van een steentijd- en vroege bronstijdsite in Mechelen-Zennegat (Antwerpen, B)
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RBINS Staff Publications
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Evaluating the Effectiveness of a 10-Year Old Great Ape Conservation Project in Cameroon
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RBINS Staff Publications