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Unpublished Reference 4 Decades of Belgian Marine Monitoring: Uplifting historical data to today’s needs - WP5 Ocean Acidification
There is a clear relation between pH and eutrophication, ocean acidification (increase CO2 in air), S-N atmospheric deposition and oligotrophication. The compiled datasets of pH show the seasonal dynamics of high pH in summer versus low pH in winter. Plotted time trends indicate a link to the stop of land-input of phosphates in the end of the ‘80s. An overall decrease in methane concentrations, salinity, temperature and wind speed is observed in the BCZ. It should be studied whether this is related to long-term climate changes.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2017
Unpublished Reference EMODnet Data Ingestion Portal Project - WP4.1: Identification of potential data sources
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2017
Unpublished Reference EMODnet Data Ingestion Portal Project - WP4.3: Promotion activities
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2017
Unpublished Reference Dealing with historical data and making it accessible.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2016
Proceedings Reference Distinguishing megathrust from shallow intraplate earthquakes using lacustrine turbidites (Laguna Lo Encanado, Central Chile)
One of the main challenges in seismically active regions is differentiating paleo-earthquakes resulting from different fault systems, such as the megathrust versus shallow intraplate faults in subductions settings. Such differentiation is, however, key for hazard assessments based on paleoseismic records. Laguna Lo Encanado (33.7°S; 70.3°W; 2492 m a.s.l.) is located in the Central Chilean Andes, 50 km east of Santiago de Chile, a metropole with over 5,000,000 inhabitants. During the last century the study area experienced 3 large megathrust earthquakes (1906, 1985 and 2010) and 2 intra-continental plate earthquakes (1942 and 1958) (Lomnitz, 1960). While the megathrust earthquakes cause Modified Mercalli Intensities (MMIs) of VI to VII at the lake (Van Daele et al., 2015), the shallower intraplate earthquakes cause peak MMIs up to IX (Sepulveda et al., 2008). Here we present a turbidite record of Laguna Lo Encanado going back to 1900 AD. While geophysical data (3.5 kHz subbottom seismic profiles and side-scan sonar data) provides a bathymetry and an overview of the sedimentary environment, we study 15 short cores in order to understand the depositional processes resulting in the encountered lacustrine turbidites. All mentioned earthquakes triggered turbidites in the lake, which are all linked to slumps in proximal areas, and are thus resulting from mass wasting of the subaquatic slopes. However, turbidites linked to the shallow intraplate earthquakes are additionally covered by turbidites of a finer-grained, more clastic nature. We link the latter to post-seismic erosion of onshore landslides, which need higher MMIs to be triggered than subaquatic mass movements (Howarth et al., 2014). While shallow intraplate earthquakes can cause MMIs up to IX and higher, megathrust earthquakes do not cause sufficiently high MMIs at the lake to trigger voluminous onshore landslides. Hence, the presence of these post-seismic turbidites allows to distinguish turbidites triggered by shallow intraplate earthquakes from those triggered by megathrust earthquakes. These findings are an important step forward in the interpretation of lacustrine turbidites in subduction settings, and will eventually improve hazard assessments based on such paleoseismic records in the study area, and in other subduction zones.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2017
Proceedings Reference Geological evidence for extreme wave events on a coastal lowland facing the Tokai segment of the Nankai-Suruga Trough
Located close to Japan’s densest concentrations of people and industry, the easternmost region of the Nankai-Suruga subduction zone has long been the focus of attempts to forecast and even precisely predict future earthquakes. While historical records attest to the occurrence of great earthquakes and subsequent tsunamis that may have originated from the Tōkai segment, past rupture zone extents and recurrence intervals remain poorly understood. Coastal stratigraphy has the potential to record the occurrence of both tsunami inundation and coseismic vertical land-level change over timescales far exceeding the historical record, with important implications for refining understanding of future hazards (Garrett et al., 2016). Here we present initial results from an extensive coring survey of the lower reaches of the floodplain of the Sagara River, close to the town of Sagara, Shizuoka Prefecture. The site lies at an altitude of ~1 – 5 m and is within the anticipated inundation zone of future worst-case tsunami scenarios. Typhoon-driven storm surges and river floods are also likely to have inundated the site, complicating the interpretation of potential tsunami deposits. Using CT scans, multi-sensor core logs, diatom assemblages and radiocarbon dates, we evaluate sedimentary processes and make the distinction between extreme wave events and fluvial deposits. Where possible, we assess methods to differentiate between storm surges and tsunami deposits. Finally, we evaluate the potential for the site to provide a long and continuous record of extreme wave events and highlight the probable influence of changing thresholds of evidence creation and preservation over time.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2017
Inproceedings Reference Critical analysis of carnivoran mammal success in Europe during the Paleogene
Why are we surrounded by only one group of placental carnivorous mammals (Carnivora: the present-day lions, dogs, bears, and seals among others) today, while at least three other groups of placental mammals (Hyaenodonta, Mesonychia, Oxyaenidae) were in competition with carnivorans 50 million years ago? Since the 1990s, palaeontologists have investigated the success of carnivoraform mammals (including Carnivora) and their crucial adaptations in detail. Analysis of the taxonomic and morphological diversification of these groups in the North American fossil record clearly showed that carnivoraforms outcompeted hyaenodonts and oxyaenids during the Eocene, specifically from around 50 Ma when carnivoraforms began to dominate. It has been suggested that the evolutionary success of carnivorans may have resulted from the broad range of dental adaptations (i.e., a broad variety of diets) conferred by the particular position of their carnassial teeth. Here we document the evolutionary history of the taxonomic diversity as well as the evolution of the body mass of carnivorous mammals that lived in Europe during the Paleogene (66–23 Ma). The results suggest that this competition was diametrically opposed in North America and Europe. Carnivoraforms actually did not become diversified in Europe during the Eocene and thus were not as taxonomically successful in Europe as in North America during that period. Moreover, when one considers body mass, the European hyaenodonts were distinctly more diversified than the carnivoraforms. The situation dramatically changed during the 'Grande Coupure' (around Eocene–Oligocene boundary; ca. 33.9 Ma). This transition corresponds to a major faunal turnover in Europe: during the earliest Oligocene global cooling (Oi-1) event, the Eocene endemic carnivorous fauna were replaced by immigrant taxa (hyaenodonts and carnivorans), mainly from Asia. The Oligocene fossil record shows a diversification of the carnivorans, whereas hyaenodonts were almost only represented by the hypercarnivorous genus Hyaenodon. However, two distinct periods can be discriminated in the Oligocene: the Rupelian was dominated by the Nimravidae and feliforms, while the Chattian was dominated by the caniformians (especially the Amphicyonidae and Ursidae). This turnover seems to be concomitant with the Latest Oligocene Warming and Microbunodon Event. Based on these results, one can hypothesize that the evolution of the European carnivorous mammals might have been profoundly driven by climate modifications (abiotic factors). Grant Information: This abstract is a contribution to the Belspo Brain Pioneer project BR/175/PI/CARNAGES funded by the Belgian Science Policy Office.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2018
Article Reference Baelen « Nereth 2 » : le mobilier lithique, où en sommes-nous ?
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2023
Article Reference La fonderie de cloches du beffroi de Gembloux (fin du XVIe siècle). Structure et matériel archéologique en terre. Premiers résultats.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2023
Article Reference Etude multiproxy d’une mosaïque pariétale en verre de la villa gallo-romaine de la Grande Boussue à Nouvelles (Mons, Belgique).
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2023