Search publications of the members of the Royal Belgian institute of natural Sciences
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Schwierige Orientierung
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Liebe ohne Sommersprossen
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Mütter werden nur die Starken
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Keine Angst vor Mäusen: Trotz geringer Grösse sind die Kleinsäuger sehr mobil
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Circumantarctic and eurybathid distribution in Southern Ocean benthos? A genetic test using Macrocyprididae (Crustacea, Ostracoda) as model organism
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A challenge for changes
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Villers-le-Bouillet/Villers-le-Bouillet : une occupation rurale du Haut Moyen Âge au lieu-dit « A Lohincou » : premiers résultats archéobotaniques.
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Collection in the wild or cultivation: Archaeobotanical and iconographical approaches to the use of Fragaria vesca L. in medieval and early modern times
- During the middle ages, strawberry, Fragaria vesca, is frequent in the settlements from north-western Europe. The species can often be recorded in huge quantities. The issue of its cultivated or wild status has to be discussed. It is impossible to determine whether the species is wild, cultivated or domesticated from simple anatomical observation of its achenes. Several elements could influence the presence and abundance of strawberry: the fruit of the strawberry produces many achenes; these are very resistant to biodegradation and they keep even well in contexts where organic decomposition of organic matter is strong. In medieval and early modern times they are quite common finds in the filling of cesspits and kitchen rubbish pits. The presence from Fragaria vesca in the archaeobotanical assemblages from cesspits can be resulting from collections from the wild, but also specimens cultivated in gardens. Indeed, the species is a characteristic component of forest borders and clearings and collection of the fruits was easy. However, from iconographic and textual sources, we can observe that strawberry was depicted as a garden plant on several religious paintings, due to its strong symbolic meaning as symbol of the pureness of Saint Mary. In addition, from the tenth century to the early modern times, the species is increasingly frequent in archaeobotanical assemblages. Through these several elements, we can imagine that the cultivation of strawberry could have taken place earlier than was previously estimated.
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The medicinal use of plants during the middle ages and early modern times evidence from archaeobotany and the early herbal literature
- During the Middle Ages and early modern times plants species of different families were not only appreciated as aromatic plants and spices in culinary preparations, but also used treating various health problems and illnesses. They were applied in form of teas and other preparations, treating stomach and intestinal problems, inflammations and eye-illnesses. Various plants were used against intestinal parasites. Some of these species are well known garden plants, most probably cultivated as spices and for their medicinal properties. In contrast to the medicinal use of aromatic plants cultivated in gardens, the use of collected wild plants for medical treatment is still less considered and the archaeobotanical records are less frequently interpreted as evidence of medicinal use. We are comparing the written evidence of the use of wild plants in early medicinal tracts, herbals and spice books with archaeobotanical records from medieval and early modern plant assemblages. Which of the wild plants were used according to the written sources and which criteria should be applied while suggesting that plants in the archaeobotanical record may have been used?
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Villers-le-Bouillet - Lohincou, un habitat rural du Haut Moyen Âge : résultats préliminaires des études archéobotaniques et archéozoologiques
- Suite au diagnostic archéologique effectué dans le parc industriel de Villers-le-Bouillet en 2001 et à plusieurs campagnes de fouille (2002, 2008, 2009 et 2010), une occupation datée du Haut Moyen Âge a été mise en évidence sur le lieu-dit « A Lohincou ». La fouille a livré les vestiges traditionnellement associés aux occupations rurales de la période considérée tels que des fosses, fossés, fonds de cabanes, structures de combustion, empreintes de poteaux, ainsi que la présence au sein de l’habitat d’un groupe funéraire d’au moins 22 individus. Dans l’état actuel des recherches, l’analyse spatiale des vestiges n’offre que peu de clefs de lecture (plans de batiments, zones d’activités spécifiques etc.) permettant d’appréhender l’organisation interne du site, ainsi que son évolution par phases archéologiques significatives. Récemment, la périodisation de l’occupation du Haut Moyen Âge « A Lohincou » a pu être approchée plus finement grâce à des études céramiques et des datations radiocarbones complémentaires. Des prélèvements sédimentaires destinés aux études archéo-environnementales ont été effectués lors des dernières campagnes de fouille. Alors que peu de données bioarchéologiques sont encore disponibles en Wallonie pour cette période, les récents résultats des recherches archéobotaniques et archéozoologiques à Villers-le-Bouillet permettent d’appréhender l’économie de subsistance, les pratiques agricoles et le milieu environnant (exploité ou non pour l’approvisionnement en bois de feu, par exemple) mais aussi de caractériser plus précisément la fonction des structures (carpologie, palynologie). L’intégration des études archéo-environnementales nous renseigne ainsi sur le quotidien des populations rurales du Haut Moyen Âge dans cette région.
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Did Pleistocene glaciations shape genetic patterns of European ostracods? A phylogeograpic analysis of two species with asexual reproduction
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Two families of non-LTR retrotransposons, Syrinx and Daphne, from the Darwinulid ostracod, Darwinula stevensoni
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No evidence for the 'Meselson effect' in parthenogenetic oribatid mites (Oribatida, Acari)
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Sex in space! The importance of reproductive modes in astrobiology
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Ecological strategies in the ancient asexual animal group Darwinulidae
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The life cycle of the ancient asexual ostracod Darwinula stevensoni (Brady & Robertson, 1870) (Crustacea, Ostracoda) in a temperate pond
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Aspects de la vie matérielle et spirituelle, l’alimentation végétale
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Primers and PCR conditions for non-marine ostracods
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Long-term persistence of asexuality through mixed reproduction in Eucypris virens
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Les avoines dans les productions agro-pastorales du nord-ouest de la France : données carpologiques et indications textuelles
