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We report on a survey of rotifers from 30 habitats in Kalasin Province, Northeast Thailand, collected during Dec. 2001. One hundred and fifty species were identified. One of them, Lecane lungae sp. nov. is new to science, and two, L. opias (Harring and Myers), and L. stichoclysta Segers are new to the Oriental region and Thailand; the record of L. stichoclysta is the second record ever of the species after its description from Nigeria (Africa). In addition, we illustrate a remarkable morphological variant of Keratella cochlearis. These records, together with the new occurrences of other endemic rotifer species illustrate the remarkable diversity of the Thai rotifer fauna, and add to our knowledge of rotifer chorology.

Plans are currently being drafted for the next decade of action on biodiversity—both the post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and Biodiversity Strategy of the European Union (EU). Freshwater biodiversity is disproportionately threatened and underprioritized relative to the marine and terrestrial biota, despite supporting a richness of species and ecosystems with their own intrinsic value and providing multiple essential ecosystem services. Future policies and strategies must have a greater focus on the unique ecology of freshwater life and its multiple threats, and now is a critical time to reflect on how this may be achieved. We identify priority topics including environmental flows, water quality, invasive species, integrated water resources management, strategic conservation planning, and emerging technologies for freshwater ecosystem monitoring. We synthesize these topics with decades of first-hand experience and recent literature into 14 special recommendations for global freshwater biodiversity conservation based on the successes and setbacks of European policy, management, and research. Applying and following these recommendations will inform and enhance the ability of global and European post-2020 biodiversity agreements to halt and reverse the rapid global decline of freshwater biodiversity.

While he is mentioned as bishop of Maastricht between the late 6th century and the beginning of the 7th century by the medieval Liège chronicles, starting with the Gesta episcoporum written by Hériger de Lobbes (ca 980), Perpète, whose relics are preserved today in the collegiate church of Ste-Marie-et-St-Perpète in Dinant (prov. Namur), was excluded from the critical list of the bishops of Tongres-Maastricht- Liège. However, a rereading of the written sources mentioning him and the recent contribution of archaeometry and paleoanthropology invite us to rehabilitate Perpète as bishop, as a historical figure, and no longer only as an object of veneration. His burial in Dinant, a small agglomeration in the Mosan basin, is in keeping with the practice of the bishops of Tongeren-Maastricht who focused their efforts at Christianisation in the most dynamic communities of their diocese during the Merovingian era. This burial, in the St-Vincent church as reported by Gilles d'Orval’s Gesta episcoporum around 1250, and the spread of the cult of this saint from Saragossa in the north of Gaul plead in favour of the existence of this church —at the latest in ca 600. The transfer of the relics of St. Perpète to the church of Ste-Marie in Dinant took place at the latest in 1096, when it had the double dedication of Ste-Marie-et- St-Perpète. It’s probably part of the programme of assertion of power of the bishops of Liège in Dinant between the late 10th century and the late 11th century. Alors qu’il est mentionné comme évêque de Maastricht entre la fin du 6e et le début du 7e s. par les grandes chroniques liégeoises médiévales, à commencer par les Gesta episcoporum d’Hériger de Lobbes en ca 980, Perpète, dont les reliques sont conservées aujourd’hui en la collégiale Ste-Marie-et-St-Perpète de Dinant (prov. Namur), a été exclu de la liste critique des évêques de Tongres-Maastricht-Liège. Or une relecture des sources écrites le mentionnant et l’apport récent de l’archéométrie et de la paléoanthropologie invitent à réhabiliter Perpète comme évêque, comme personnage historique, et non plus seulement comme objet de vénération. Son inhumation à Dinant, agglomération du bassin mosan, s’inscrit dans la pratique des évêques de Tongres-Maastricht qui concentraient leurs efforts de christianisation dans les communautés les plus dynamiques du diocèse à l’époque mérovingienne. Cette inhumation, en l’église St-Vincent comme le rapportent les Gesta episcoporum de Gilles d’Orval vers 1250, et la diffusion du culte de ce saint saragossais dans le nord de la Gaule plaident en faveur de l’existence de cette église au plus tard en ca 600. Le transfert des reliques de S. Perpète vers l’église Ste-Marie de Dinant eut lieu au plus tard en 1096, lorsque celle-ci portait la double dédicace Ste-Marie-et-St-Perpète, et s’inscrit probablement dans le programme d’affirmation du pouvoir des évêques de Liège à Dinant entre la fin du 10e s. et la fin du 11e s. Perpète, dessen Reliquien heute in der Stiftskirche Ste-Marie-et-St-Perpète in Dinant (Provinz Namur) aufbewahrt werden, wird von den mittelalterlichen Lütticher Chroniken, beginnend mit der Gesta episcoporum von Hériger de Lobbes um 980, als Bischof von Maastricht zwischen Ende des 6. Jahrhunderts und Anfang des 7. Jahrhunderts erwähnt. Trotzdem wurde er von der kritischen Liste der Bischöfe von Tongern-Maastricht-Lüttich ausgeschlossen. Ein erneutes Lesen der schriftlichen Quellen, in denen er erwähnt wird, und der jüngste Beitrag der Archäometrie und Paläoanthropologie laden uns jedoch ein, Perpète als Bischof, als historische Figur und nicht mehr nur als Gegenstand der Verehrung, zu rehabilitieren. Seine Beerdigung in Dinant, einer Ansiedlung im Mosan-Becken, entspricht der Praxis der Bischöfe von Tongern-Maastricht, die sich während der Merowingerzeit auf die Christianisierung in den dynamischsten Gemeinden der Diözese konzentrierten. Diese Beerdigung in der Saint-Vincent-Kirche, wie sie von Gilles d’Orvals Gesta episcoporum um 1250 berichtet wurde, und die Verbreitung des Kultes dieses Heiligen aus Saragossa im Norden Galliens sprechen für die Existenz dieser Kirche spätestens um. 600. Die Übergabe der Reliquien des Heiligen Perpète an die Kirche Ste-Marie in Dinant erfolgte spätestens 1096, als sie die doppelte Widmung von Ste-Marie-et-St-Perpète trug. Sie ist wahrscheinlich Teil des Programms der Machtübernahme der Bischöfe von Lüttich in Dinant zwischen dem Ende des 10. Jahrhunderts und dem Ende des 11. Jahrhunderts.

In the North Sea, the coastal waters of Belgium and The Netherlands regularly exhibit intense spring phytoplankton blooms where species such as Phaeocystis recurrently form a potential ecological nuisance. In the Belgian and Dutch continental shelves (BCS and DCS), we observe a direct correlation between the chlorophyll a spring maximum (Chlmax) and the nutrients (DIN and DIP) available for the bloom. As the nutrients are themselves strongly correlated with salinity, a rationale is developed to predict Chlmax from winter salinity. The proposed rationale is first tested in a theoretical case with a 3D-biogeochemical model (3D-MIRO&CO). The method is then applied to independent sets of in situ observations over 20 years in the BCS and the DCS, and to continuous FerryBox data in April 2008. Linear regressions explain the relationships between winter nutrients and winter salinity (R2 = 0.88 to 0.97 with model results, and R2 = 0.83 to 0.96 with in situ data). The relationship between Chlmax and the available nutrients across the salinity gradient is also explained by yearly linear regressions (R2 = 0.82 to 0.94 with model results, and R2 = 0.46 to 0.98 with in situ data). Empirical ‘DIP requirement’ and ‘DIN requirement’ for the spring biomass bloom formation are derived from the latter relationships. They depend i.a. on the losses from phytoplankton during the spring bloom formation, and therefore show some interannual variability (8–12% for DIP and 13–20% for DIN). The ratio between nutrient requirements allows predicting in winter which nutrient will eventually limit the spring biomass bloom along the salinity gradient. DIP will generally be limiting in the coastal zone, whereas DIN will generally be limiting offshore, the switch occurring typically at salinity 33.5 in the BCS and 33.6 in the DCS. N reduction should be prioritized to limit Phaeocystis in the coastal zone, with target winter DIN:DIP ratios below 34.4 molN molP−1 in the BCS, or 28.6 molN molP− 1 in the DCS.