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Article Reference Study of the spectro-chemical signatures of cobalt-manganese layered oxides (asbolane–lithiophorite and their intermediates) by Raman spectroscopy.
In this study, Raman micro spectroscopy is applied to investigate two manganese oxides: lithiophorite [(Al,Li)Mn4+O2(OH)2] and asbolane [(Ni,Co)xMn4+(O,OH)4.nH2O], along with their intermediates (“Asbolane-Lithiophorite Intermediates”: ALI). These oxides typically incorporate variable concentrations of Co, Ni, Cu and Li. They represent a group of economically interesting phases that are difficult to identify and characterize with classical X-ray diffraction techniques. We show that Raman micro spectroscopy is useful to the investigation of those phases, but they require to be tested in very low laser power conditions to avoid sample degradation (e.g. 0.2mW 532nm). We propose reference Raman spectroscopic signatures for lithiophorite, asbolane and ALI phases. These spectra are mainly composed of two spectral domains, the first one is located between 370-630 cm-1 and the second one between 900-1300 cm-1. We then assess the impact of their highly variable chemistry on their Raman peak positions, intensities and FWHM using a semi-systematic curve-fitting method profiled for these phases.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications
Article Reference A new Cambrian black pigment used during the late Middle Palaeolithic discovered at Scladina Cave
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications
Article Reference A remarkable new species of Paraphamartania Engel from Portugal (Diptera, Asilidae)
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications
Article Reference Use of digital photogrammetry for the study of unstable slopes in urban areas: Case study of the El Biar landslide, Algiers
Recent developments in remote sensing techniques provide powerful tools for geomorphological studies. The geometric and kinematic characterization of landslides are key factors in understanding the mechanisms of movement. The purpose of this publication is to show the potential of digital photogrammetry in the spatiotemporal study of landslides in urban areas. The case study focuses on the landslide of El Biar in Algiers. Comparison of digital elevation models generated following an established methodology shows the morphological evolution of the site. Orthophotos are used to measure surface displacements. The analysis of horizontal displacements between 1995 and 2007 shows that the landslide of El Biar can be divided into two zones: a peripheral zone moving at an average speed of about 5 cm per year and a central zone moving at an average speed of about 10 cm per year. Comparing the results with those obtained by traditional survey methods shows a remarkable consistency, thus validating the techniques used. This study demonstrates that digital photogrammetry, when combined with geological and geotechnical data, can improve the characterization and understanding of landslides mechanisms, and thus help defining mitigation solutions.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications
Article Reference Chromosome evolution in pseudoxyrhophiine snakes from Madagascar: a wide range of karyotypic variability
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications
Article Reference Age-at-death estimation of pathological individuals: A complementary approach using teeth cementum annulations
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications
Article Reference Rediscovery of the forgotten de Ryckholt Collection (gastropods, bivalves, worms; Late Cretaceous, Belgium)
A significant part of the collection of mid- and Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian, Campanian and Maastrichtian) gastropods, bivalves and worms described and/or illustrated by de Ryckholt in his seminal work Mélanges paléontologiques between 1854 and 1862, has recently been retraced in the historical collections at Liège University. Of the original collection, more than 206 specimens, including 196 nominal types (lectotypes and genotypes), all considered lost, are now available. The genotypes of the gastropod genera Tudicula de Ryckholt, 1862a and Prosopostoma de Ryckholt, 1862a are photographically illustrated for the first time. Prosopostoma bucculans, from the Cenomanian Bernissart Formation (formerly ‘Tourtia de Tournai’), is here chosen as the type species of the genus Prosopostoma, a possible stromboid. We also reassess the stratigraphic age of the type localities under the revised stratigraphic framework of Belgium and a detailed account on the research history of this material, in order to provide a thorough scientific background for future study of this formidable collection.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications
Article Reference New insights into Mediterranean Gallo-Roman farming: a closer look at archaeological wells in Southern France
Archaeological wells have recently become a major source of palaeoenvironmental and palaeoeconomic information, thus, providing the background for past day-to-day material life. At the site of La Lesse–Espagnac (Hérault), combined evidence from archaeobotany, morphometry and palynology, from two wells, offers a coherent picture of the diversity of the local Gallo-Roman farming economy, whose development was fuelled by the proximity of a major urban centre (Colonia Urbs Julia Septimanorum Baeterra—present day Béziers). The ever present vine growing and wine making were complemented by other food crops such as fruit trees, vegetables, condiments and cereals. The dense network of farming establishments and the scale of their production could only aggravate the extent of anthropogenic impact on the local natural woodlands and would explain the very minor role of typical thermophilous trees in the pollen diagram. The overmultiplication of these farming establishments may explain why some of them apparently ran out of momentum and eventually failed.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications
Article Reference Large canids at the Gravettian Předmostí site, the Czech Republic: The mandible
Efforts to identify Paleolithic dogs or incipient dogs have been based mainly on examination of complete or nearly complete crania. Complete skulls are, however, very rare in the archaeological record. Because canid mandible are far more frequently found in Pleistocene assemblages, the objective of this study is to investigate whether it is possible to differentiate these jaws by metric and osteomorphological methods in two morphotypes: Paleolithic dogs and Pleistocene wolves. This paper is mainly based on the very rich canid assemblage from the Gravettian Předmostí site in the Czech Republic, but also includes a few mandible from several other European Paleolithic sites. This study provides additional evidence of the existence at Předmostí of the two canid morphotypes. The metric data indicate that the mandible of the Paleolithic dogs are shorter than those from Pleistocene wolves in all tested measurements of length, and the carnassial crown length is shorter in Paleolithic dogs compared with the length of this tooth in Pleistocene wolves. Furthermore, in eight of nine indexes, the Paleolithic dogs differ significantly from the Pleistocene wolves. The mandible of Paleolithic dogs differ also in non-metric features from the Pleistocene wolves: they present a high frequency of crowded premolars and backwards-oriented apex of the coronoid. This paper furthermore confirms that Paleolithic dogs occur at two late Upper Paleolithic sites (Eliseevichi, Verholenskaya) where previous studies had indicated their presence. In addition, we document the presence of Paleolithic dogs at another Gravettian site, Kostenki-8.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications
Article Reference Biostratigraphic significance of brachiopods near the Devonian–Carboniferous boundary
The biostratigraphic significance of selected uppermost Famennian (Upper Devonian) and lower Tournaisian (Mississippian) brachiopod genera, belonging to the orders Rhynchonellida (e.g. Araratella), Spiriferida (e.g. Sphenospira, Prospira), Spiriferinida (Syringothyris) and Productida (except Chonetidina), is discussed. Owing to the difficulties of identifying productidine and strophalosiidine genera, in contrast to rhynchonellides and spiriferides, the biostratigraphic potential of the former has generally been overlooked. Brachiopods flourished in neritic environments that were unfavourable for conodonts and ammonoids. In the absence of the latter traditional marker fossils, they are potentially important for locating the Devonian–Carboniferous boundary in shallow water depositional settings in conjunction with rugose corals and foraminifers. On a worldwide scale, further work is required to reach a better assessment of the aftermath of the Hangenberg biological Crisis on brachiopods, notably in revising the faunas from the classical areas of the Famennian and Tournaisian stages in Western Europe.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications