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Caractérisations physicochimiques et minéralogiques de la céramique des sites d’habitat de l’espace Mangoro de Katiola (Centre-nord, Côte d'Ivoire).
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RBINS Staff Publications 2018
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Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratio analysis of freshwater, brackish and marine fish from Belgian archaeological sites (1st and 2nd millennium AD)
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Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios were measured in 157 fish bone collagen samples from 15 different archaeological sites in Belgium which ranged in ages from the 3rd to the 18th c. AD. Due to diagenetic contamination of the burial environment, only 63 specimens produced results with suitable C:N ratios (2.9-3.6). The selected bones encompass a wide spectrum of freshwater, brackish, and marine taxa (N = 18), and this is reflected in the d13C results (-28.2‰ to -12.9‰). The freshwater fish have d13C values that range from -28.2‰ to -20.2‰, while the marine fish cluster between -15.4‰ to -13.0‰. Eel, a catadromous species (mostly living in freshwater but migrating into the sea to spawn), plots between -24.1‰ to -17.7‰, and the anadromous fish (living in marine environments but migrating into freshwater to spawn) show a mix of freshwater and marine isotopic signatures. The d15N results also have a large range (7.2‰ to 16.7‰) indicating that these fish were feeding at many different trophic levels in these diverse aquatic environments. The aim of this research is the isotopic characterization of archaeological fish species (ecology, trophic level, migration patterns) and to determine intra-species variation within and between fish populations differing in time and location. Due to the previous lack of archaeological fish isotope data from Northern Europe and Belgium in particular, these results serve as an important ecological backdrop for the future isotopic reconstruction of the diet of human populations dating from the historical period (1st and 2nd millennium AD), where there is zooarchaeological and historical evidence for an increased consumption of marine fish.
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RBINS Staff Publications
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Carbon burial in two Greenland fjords shows no direct link to glacier type
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Fjord systems play a crucial role in the burial and long-term storage of organic carbon (OC). Despite their importance, Greenland's fjords remain underrepresented in global carbon budgets, even though accelerated melt of the Ice Sheet alters these ecosystems through increased freshwater discharge and iceberg calving, ultimately driving glacier retreat inland. This study compares sediment TOC, TN, and Chl-a content as well as δ13C, δ15N and organic carbon burial rates (OCBRs) in two neighbouring Greenland fjords: Nuup Kangerlua, dominated by marine-terminating glaciers (MTGs), and Ameralik, influenced by a land-terminating glacier (LTG). Although subglacial upwelling enhances primary productivity in Nuup Kangerlua, this does not translate into correspondingly higher surface sediment organic matter content or significantly higher OCBRs compared to Ameralik, where no such upwelling occurs. Instead, the average OCBRs were similar between the two fjords with 18.0 ± 1.6 g C m−2 yr−1 in Nuup Kangerlua and 16.2 ± 1.7 g C m−2 yr−1 in Ameralik. In Nuup Kangerlua, sediment Chl-a content in the upper 10 cm ranged from 0.08 to 9.8 µg g−1 and TOC from 0.05 \% to 1.32 \%, whereas in Ameralik they ranged from 0.35 to 20.1 µg g−1 and 0.13 \% to 2.43 \%, respectively. The elevated values in Ameralik are linked to a deep depositional basin that promotes OC accumulation and strongly contributes to the relatively high average OCBR. Furthermore, between 8 \% and 28 \% of the annual surface production in Nuup Kangerlua is ultimately buried in the sediments, whereas this proportion is substantially higher in Ameralik: 25 \% to 62 \%. The weaker coupling between surface production and sedimentary OC burial in Nuup Kangerlua versus Ameralik underscores the need for further research to disentangle the interactions driving primary production, carbon transfer in the food web, and the lateral and vertical transport, degradation and preservation of OC in fjord sediments.
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RBINS Staff Publications 2025
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Carbon, iron and sulphur cycling in the sediments of a Mediterranean lagoon (Ghar El Melh, Tunisia)
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Coastal lagoon sediments are important for the biogeochemical carbon cycle at the land-ocean transition, as they form hotspots for organic carbon burial, as well as potential sites for authigenic carbonate formation. Here, we employ an early diagenetic model to quantify the coupled redox cycling of carbon, iron and sulphur in the sediments of the shallow Ghar El Melh (GEM) lagoon (Tunisia). The model simulated depth profiles show a good correspondence with available pore water data (dissolved inorganic carbon, NH4+, total alkalinity, Ca2+, Fe2+ and SO42−) and solid phase data (organic matter, pyrite, calcium carbonate and iron (oxyhydr)oxides). This indicates that the model is able to capture the dominant processes influencing the sedimentary biogeochemical cycling. Our results show that sediment of the GEM lagoon is an efficient reactor for organic matter breakdown (burial efficiency < 10%), with an important role for aerobic respiration (32%) and sulphate reduction (61%). Despite high rates of sulphate reduction, free sulphide does not accumulate in the pore water, due to a large terrestrial input of reactive iron oxides and the efficient sequestration of free sulphide into iron sulphide phases. High pyrite burial (2.2 mmol FeS2 m−2 d−1) prevents the reoxidation of reduced sulphide, thus resulting in a low total oxygen uptake (4.7 mmol m−2 d−1) of the sediment and a relatively high oxygen penetration depth. The formation of pyrite also generates high amounts of alkalinity in the pore water, which stimulates authigenic carbonate precipitation (2.7 mmol m−2 d−1) and leads to alkalinity release to the overlying water (3.4 mmol m−2 d−1). Model simulations with and without an N-cycle reveal a limited influence of nitrification and denitrification on overall organic matter diagenesis. Overall, our study highlights the potential role of coastal lagoons for the global carbon and sulphur cycle, and their possible contribution to shelf alkalinity, which increases the buffering capacity of the coastal ocean for CO2 uptake.
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Carbonatites – Classification, Sources, Evolution and Emplacement
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RBINS Staff Publications 2022
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Carboniferous fossils enlighten the systematics and evolution of Hemiptera
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Fossils are witnesses to the evolutionary processes undergone by living lineages. The earliest occurrence of clades provides rich insights into the timing of diversification of lineages and better delimits the groups that compose them. Hemiptera are a remarkable order within the insects due to their high morphological and ecological diversity. However, our understanding of the early evolution of this group remains hampered by the lack of early hemipteran occurrences. In this study we investigate the earliest Carboniferous occurrences of Hemiptera, taking advantage of the redescription of known specimens, and describe three new key hemipteran fossils. We provide thorough taxonomic assessments to describe the earliest occurrences of the Auchenorrhyncha and Sternorrhyncha lineages that constitute major branches in the Hemiptera tree of life. These new occurrences sharpen the delimitations within the classification of Hemiptera and enable better understanding of forewing venation evolution within this hyper-diverse insect order. The following new taxa are described: Protoprosbolomorpha infraorder nov. for Protoprosbole straeleni Laurentiaux, Carbonaturidae fam. nov., Carbonatura oudardi gen. et sp. nov. and Carbopsyllidium minutum gen. et sp. nov.
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RBINS Staff Publications 2026
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Caribbean Bulimulus revisited: physical moves and molecular traces (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Bulimulidae)
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RBINS Staff Publications 2016
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Cariocecus bocagei, a new basal hadrosauroid from the Lower Cretaceous of Portugal
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RBINS Staff Publications 2025
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Carl Gottfried Semper (1832-1893) and the location of his type specimens of sea cucumbers
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RBINS Staff Publications
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Catalogue of the types and illustrated specimens recovered from the ‘black marble’ of Denée, a marine conservation-Lagerstätte from the Mississippian of southern Belgium
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RBINS Staff Publications
