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Article Reference The amazing evolutionary diversity of a taxon: Genome sizes of twenty Antarctic amphipod species
Polar ecosystems feature among the last pristine areas of planet Earth, but also among the fastest changing due to global change. The long isolation history of the Southern Ocean has led to high levels of endemism, resulting in a hotspot of biodiversity for many taxa, including crustaceans (Malacostraca). Genomes represent the blueprint of this long evolution. Geographic isolation in combination with harsh and challenging sampling conditions, has left considerable biological knowledge gaps in the Southern Ocean. Closing these knowledge gaps is challenging for Antarctic amphipods because their genome sizes are highly variable and they are hard to sample. Genome size of amphipods are widely varying, ranging from 0.68 to 64.62 pg with an average of 12.85 pg (± 4.46 pg). Unfortunately, information on the genome size of amphipods remains limited, especially from polar regions. Just 65 records of amphipod genome sizes are listed in the Animal Genome Size Database, of which 17 marine species. To close the knowledge gap, I used flow cytometry to estimate the genome size of 32 Antarctic amphipod species. I successfully estimated genome sizes for 20 species, ranging from 0.45 pg to 57.28 pg (> 120-fold difference). Preliminary analyses do not show any significant correlation between depth and genome size or body size and genome size. The results provide a valuable addition to the inventory of the genome size of amphipods, especially from extreme environments.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2023
Inproceedings Reference PSI analysis of multi-sensor archive data for urban geohazard risk management: a case-study from Brussels
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2017
Inproceedings Reference Subsidence Related To Groundwater Pumping For Breweries in Belgium
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2017
Inproceedings Reference Assessing Vertical Elevation Changes of Coastal Areas in Southern Chile to Improve The Understanding of Their Paleotsunami Sedimentary Records
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2017
Inproceedings Reference MAS DE VIGNOLLES XIV (NIMES, GARD, SOUTHERN FRANCE): DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES ON LAND USE AND MANAGEMENT FROM THE PROTOHISTORY TO THE MIDDLE AGES
The enlargement of a commercial centre in the vicinity of Nîmes (Southern France) offered evidence on land occupation and exploitation, from the Iron Age to the Middle Ages. The location of the living and working areas, paths and agrarian ‘structures’ uncovered was conditioned by the problematic topography and environment (humid depression; cyclic flooding) as identified by geomorphology and malacology. The diversity of the plant cover and of land management is also recognized by malacology, which emphasizes the importance of animal husbandry and pasture during the whole sequence, in agreement with data from pollen, beetles and domestic fauna. Concentrations of cattle remains rekindle the idea of a hypothetical link between significant consumption of cattle meat and humid areas. The impact of human activities on the plant cover is recognized in the low frequencies of arboreal pollen recorded since the Iron Age; however, fuelwood was apparently readily available as suggested by charcoal data. Further information on economic activities is provided by archaeobotany. The importance of Cannabis sativa and Linum usitatissimum may explain why this “ecologically problematic” area was exploited. Access to water is essential for the processing of plant fibres. Cereal cultivation, better recognized by palynology than by archaeobotany, appears to suffer fluctuations through time. The remains of Vitis constitute the first material proof of local vine cultivation during the Middle Ages.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2019
Inproceedings Reference THEY ALL SMELL THE SAME (THOUGH...) BUT THEIR CONTENT MAY BE DIFFERENT: LOOKING AT LATE MEDIEVAL HUMAN EXCREMENTS AND GARBAGE PITS IN THE COUNTY OF HAINAUT, SOUTHERN LOW COUNTRIES
Human excrements and garbage pits of two archaeological sites in the County of Hainaut (Southern Low Countries, Belgium) have been studied by the interdisciplinary team “Archaeo sciences” of the RBINS. Stone walled latrines dating from the 14th century have been uncovered at the site of Chièvres, while several garbage pits dating from the 12th to the 16th century were excavated at the site of “rue des Bouchers-Saint Jacques” in the city of Tournai. We are presenting the 14th century composition of the waste contexts for the two sites and a diachronic composition’s evolution for the garbage pits of “rue des Bouchers-Saint Jacques”. Archaeobotanical (seeds and fruit, wood and wood charcoal, pollen, spores and NPPs) and archaeozoological studies show that, in the majority, they contain digested food residues, food scraps and also some scarce remains of other non-food residues. The most common taxa found are vegetables, condiments, wild and/or cultivated fruits, cereals, fish and mammal remains. But if we look more closely, some cesspits contain outstanding elements such as honey (the first mention in Wallonia for the medieval period), waste of cereal processing that may have been used for the sanitation of such structures. This paper aims at: 1 / highlighting late Medieval period human food intake of the Southern Low Countries 2 / comparing data between two 14th century waste contexts and finally, 3 / showing differences in pit fillings, indicating different structure maintenance and/or different social status.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2019
Inproceedings Reference Un manuel de terrain pour standardiser les prélèvements des restes biologiques : une nécessité ou un luxe ? trois années d’expérience belge
Sur un chantier de fouille, l’archéologue est très fréquemment confronté à des vestiges organiques, ou biorestes. Qu’ils soient visibles ou invisibles, rares ou abondants, ils sont souvent source de questionnements : que prélever ? Où, comment et en quelle quantité ? Quelles sont les conditions de stockage idéales ¬? Quelle est la marche à suivre pour tamiser les sédiments ? Confrontés à des prélèvements très disparates, souvent à vue, ou sans réelle question de recherche ainsi qu’à des méthodologies d’extraction très différentes, l’équipe d’archéosciences de l’Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique a décidé de rédiger un ouvrage visant à répondre aux questions des archéologues et à standardiser les processus d’échantillonnage afin de pouvoir disposer d’un matériel d’étude pertinent et cohérent. Nous mentionnerons les problématiques qui ont concouru à la genèse de ce manuel par quelques exemples de terrain, parcourrons rapidement ce qu'il propose et ce qu'il n'aborde pas et ferons un bilan de son impact auprès des archéologues quelques années après sa première parution fin 2016.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2019
Inproceedings Reference Bushmeat for sale in Brussels
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2018
Inproceedings Reference Identifying Invasive Alien Species by DNA-barcoding: possibilities, gaps and pitfalls
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2018
Inproceedings Reference Identifying mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) from foreign deployment sites of the Belgian armed forces
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2018