Search publications of the members of the Royal Belgian institute of natural Sciences
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Roundtable Species.BE
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Mollusca (Bivalvia, Gastropoda, Polyplacophora and Scaphopoda) around Iceland: Sampling effort in research surveys in 2013-2015
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Abc Taxa, Field guide to the brittle and basket stars (Echinodermata: ophiuroidea) of South Africa.
- Brittle and basket stars (ophiuroids) are one of five extant classes of the phylum Echinodermata and have a fossil record dating back almost 500 million years to the Early Ordovician. Today they remain diverse and widespread, with over 260 described genera and over 2 000 extant species globally, more than any other class of echinoderm. Ophiuroid species are found across all marine habitats from the intertidal shore to the abyss. In southern Africa, the ophiuroid fauna has been studied extensively by a number of authors and is relatively well-known. The last published review of the southern African Ophiuroidea however was by Clark and Courtman-Stock in 1976. It included 101 species reported from within the boundaries of South Africa. In the 40 years since that publication the number of species has risen to 136. This identification guide, which is the nineteenth volume of the series Abc Taxa includes a taxonomic key to all 136 species, and gives key references, distribution maps, diagnoses, scaled photographs (where possible), and a synthesis of known ecological and depth information for each. The guide is designed to be comprehensive, well-illustrated and easy to use for both naturalists and professional biologists. Taxonomic terms, morphological characteristics and technical expressions are defined and described in detail, with illustrations to clarify some aspects of the terminology. A checklist of all species in the region is also included, and indicates which species are endemic (33), for which we report significant range extensions (23), which have been recorded as new to the South African fauna (28) since the previous monograph of Clark and Courtman-Stock (1976) and which have undergone taxonomic revisions since that time (28). This contribution delivers a copiously illustrated overview of the volume and details how it has been diffused in South Africa and beyond.
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The holothurian subgenus Mertensiothuria (Aspidochirotida: Holothuriidae) revisited.
- Mertensiothuria is one of the 20 subgenera currently recognized under Holothuria. The diagnosis of the subgenus is amended with new information on the ossicles found in the longitudinal muscles. The number of species of Mertensiothuria considered to be valid at present is six. These species are redescribed on the basis of new material, type and non-type museum material and on re-evaluation of literature. Two of them, Holothuria hilla and Holothuria aphanes, are transferred from the subgenus Thymiosycia to Mertensiothuria. Four species formerly referred to Mertensiothuria are removed; provisionally they are not referred to any of the known subgenera of Holothuria. Full annotated descriptions or (where the type material was not available) references to the literature are given for each species. An identification key is given to the species belonging to the subgenus Mertensiothuria.
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The genus Labidodemas (Holothuriidae:Aspidochirotida) revisited with description of three new species and with re-positioning of Holothuria (Irenothuria) macculochi Deichman, 1958
- Prior to the present revision the taxon Labidodemas comprised Labidodemas americanum, L. pertinax, L. rugosum and L. semperianum. An up-to-date re- evaluation of the group proved that at least four additional species need to be assigned to it. Three of these are new to science: one has recently been discovered in the shallow waters of KwaZulu-Natal, Republic of South Africa; one originates from Low Island, Australia, and was erroneously identified as L. semperianum, and one stems from South-West Sulawesi, again erroneously identified as L. semperianum. In addition, Holothuria maccullochi, classified in the monotypic subgenus Irenothuria, and Holothuria proceraspina are assigned to Labidodemas; the former as a valid species and the latter as a synonym of L. semperianum. Annotated taxonomic descriptions, distribution maps and an identification key are given. The new observation that L. americanum possesses Cuvierian tubules suggests that its rank remains at generic level rather than at family level as was recently proposed.
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Plasticity and Convergence in the Evolution of Short-Necked Plesiosaurs
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Fish δ13C and δ15N results from two Bronze/Iron Age sites (Tell Tweini & Sidon) along the Levantine coast
- Stable isotope ratio measurements of fish remains from archaeological sites are relatively rare so here we report results of 201 fish remains from two Bronze and Iron Age sites along the Syrian (Tell Tweini) and Lebanese (Sidon) coast to document the inter- and intra-specific variation of the δ13C and δ15N isotope values. Due to poor preservation, successful isotopic results were only obtained from 42 specimens (21%). Our results were combined with previously published fish isotopic results from Sidon (n = 16) so that a total 58 specimens representing 16 different fish taxa are presented. A wide variation was observed between species that appears to be related to the ecology of the fish, in particular their salinity tolerance and feeding behaviour. The largest intra-specific variation was observed in mullets (Mugilidae) and seabreams (Sparidae) in both δ13C and δ15N values, and it appears, after comparison with published data from the Northern Aegean, some clustering occurs with location. However, the data clustering is not discrete enough to allow provenancing of fish remains from archaeological sites in this region. This large series of fish isotope values can also serve as an isotopic baseline for other studies, including the dietary reconstruction of Eastern Mediterranean human remains.
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Ancient West African foragers in the context of African population history
- Our knowledge of ancient human population structure in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly prior to the advent of food production, remains limited. Here we report genome-wide DNA data from four children—two of whom were buried approximately 8,000 years ago and two 3,000 years ago—from Shum Laka (Cameroon), one of the earliest known archaeological sites within the probable homeland of the Bantu language group1–11. One individual carried the deeply divergent Y chromosome haplogroup A00, which today is found almost exclusively in the same region12,13. However, the genome-wide ancestry profiles of all four individuals are most similar to those of present-day hunter-gatherers from western Central Africa, which implies that populations in western Cameroon today—as well as speakers of Bantu languages from across the continent—are not descended substantially from the population represented by these four people. We infer an Africa-wide phylogeny that features widespread admixture and three prominent radiations, including one that gave rise to at least four major lineages deep in the history of modern humans.
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Het Woestijnegoed en het kasteel van Woestijne
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Annual planning 2018, CEBioS programme
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New mtDNA and Isotopic Evidence on Late Pleistocene Cave Bears in the Balkans: the Case-study of Magura Cave, NW Bulgaria
- Recent genetic studies have shed light on the phylogeography of cave bears; however, their paleoecology and their diet are still debated, and data from south-eastern Europe are still scarce. Magura Cave, in northwest Bulgaria, has delivered rich faunal assemblages from the Late Pleistocene. The chronology of the excavated area spans from ca. 35 kya to more than 50 kya; the oldest stratigraphic layers being associated with final Middle Palaeolithic tools. The fauna comprises herbivores and carnivores, and potentially different taxa of cave bears, the dental remains of which also showed different tooth morphotypes, suggesting the co-existence of different dietary adaptations. We investigated the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) lineages of the cave bears from Magura Cave as well as the stable carbon and nitrogen isotope composition of the faunal assemblage. Our data revealed that, regardless of the tooth morphotypes, only maternal lineages of Ursus ingressus were present in Magura Cave. Interestingly, one specimen with Ursus arctos mtDNA was also found, showing a clear carnivore diet. In contrast, the U. ingressus specimens had a predominantly herbivorous diet. The tooth morphotypes were associated with significantly different δ13C values, suggesting different dietary adaptations.
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Devonian and Carboniferous dendroid graptolites from Belgium and their significance for the taxonomy of the Dendroidea
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Type Maastrichtian Gastropod faunas showing rapid ecosystem recovery following the Cretaceous/Paleogene boundary catastrophe
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Twee nautilusfossielen gevonden in de Donkerstraat in Leuven!
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Mapping offshore resources of the Belgian Continental Shelf using 3D voxel modelling
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Long-term dataset on water clarity in the BPNS (1971-2016)
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Short-term variability of high-frequency seafloor multibeam echosounder backscatter: results from field experiments on the Belgian Continental Shelf
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Monitoring the direct impact of sand extraction on the bathy-morphology and the seabed sediments in the Belgian part of the North Sea. Lessons of ten years of measurements
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Climate change impact on storm surges and significant wave heights on the Belgian Continental Shelf
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Climate change impact on storm surges and significant wave heights on the Belgian Continental Shelf
