O. Thalmann, B. Shapiro, P. Cui, V.J. Schuenemann, S.K. Sawyer, D.L. Greenfield, M.B. Germonpré, M.V. Sablin, F. López-Giráldez, X. Domingo-Roura, H. Napierala, H.-P. Uerpmann, D.M. Loponte, A.A. Acosta, L. Giemsch, R.W. Schmitz, B. Worthington, J.E. Buikstra, A. Druzhkova, A.S. Graphodatsky, N.D. Ovodov, N. Wahlberg, A.H. Freedman, R.M. Schweizer, K.-P. Koepfli, J.A. Leonard, M. Meyer, J. Krause, S. Pääbo, R.E. Green, and R.K. Wayne (2013)
Complete Mitochondrial Genomes of Ancient Canids Suggest a European Origin of Domestic Dogs
Science, 342:871-874.
The geographic and temporal origins of the domestic dog remain controversial, as genetic data suggest a
domestication process in East Asia beginning 15,000 years ago, whereas the oldest doglike fossils are
found in Europe and Siberia and date to >30,000 years ago. We analyzed the mitochondrial genomes
of 18 prehistoric canids from Eurasia and the New World, along with a comprehensive panel of modern
dogs and wolves. Themitochondrial genomes of all modern dogs are phylogeneticallymost closely related
to either ancient or modern canids of Europe. Molecular dating suggests an onset of domestication
there 18,800 to 32,100 years ago. These findings imply that domestic dogs are the culmination of a
process that initiated with European hunter-gatherers and the canids with whom they interacted.
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