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Article Reference Salinity predicts the distribution of chlorophyll a spring peak in the southern North Sea continental waters
In the North Sea, the coastal waters of Belgium and The Netherlands regularly exhibit intense spring phytoplankton blooms where species such as Phaeocystis recurrently form a potential ecological nuisance. In the Belgian and Dutch continental shelves (BCS and DCS), we observe a direct correlation between the chlorophyll a spring maximum (Chlmax) and the nutrients (DIN and DIP) available for the bloom. As the nutrients are themselves strongly correlated with salinity, a rationale is developed to predict Chlmax from winter salinity. The proposed rationale is first tested in a theoretical case with a 3D-biogeochemical model (3D-MIRO&CO). The method is then applied to independent sets of in situ observations over 20 years in the BCS and the DCS, and to continuous FerryBox data in April 2008. Linear regressions explain the relationships between winter nutrients and winter salinity (R2 = 0.88 to 0.97 with model results, and R2 = 0.83 to 0.96 with in situ data). The relationship between Chlmax and the available nutrients across the salinity gradient is also explained by yearly linear regressions (R2 = 0.82 to 0.94 with model results, and R2 = 0.46 to 0.98 with in situ data). Empirical ‘DIP requirement’ and ‘DIN requirement’ for the spring biomass bloom formation are derived from the latter relationships. They depend i.a. on the losses from phytoplankton during the spring bloom formation, and therefore show some interannual variability (8–12% for DIP and 13–20% for DIN). The ratio between nutrient requirements allows predicting in winter which nutrient will eventually limit the spring biomass bloom along the salinity gradient. DIP will generally be limiting in the coastal zone, whereas DIN will generally be limiting offshore, the switch occurring typically at salinity 33.5 in the BCS and 33.6 in the DCS. N reduction should be prioritized to limit Phaeocystis in the coastal zone, with target winter DIN:DIP ratios below 34.4 molN molP−1 in the BCS, or 28.6 molN molP− 1 in the DCS.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2019
Article Reference Schubben, veren en melk: een zicht op de geschiedenis van de gewervelden
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications
Article Reference SEADETECT: developing an automated detection system to reduce whale-vessel collision risk
With the continuous intensification of marine traffic worldwide, whale-vessel collisions at sea (or “ship strikes”) have become one of the primary causes of mortality for cetaceans and a widely recognised cause of concern for human safety and economic losses. The Mediterranean Sea is a global hotspot for whale-vessel collisions, with one of the highest rates involving large cetaceans, especially the endangered fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) and sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus). Evidence indicates that both species are experiencing higher chances of a fatal collision than what predictions have estimated so far, with ship strikes being the main human-induced threat in the area. Regional and international organisations have stressed the need to address the issue by investigating the projected impacts of ship strikes on whale populations and by identifying possible mitigation measures to reduce chances of collision. Amongst the most popular and feasible options, there is the improvement of animal detection during navigation. Here, we present SEADETECT, a LIFE project that aims at developing an automated detection system to reduce vessel collision risk with marine mammals and unidentified floating objects (UFOs), combining state-of-the-art and novel technologies with existing approaches in the study of large whale ecology. This detection system consists of three elements; an automated onboard detection system composed of several sensors, a real- time passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) network at sea and a real-time detection-sharing and alert system (REPCET®). In this paper, we propose the development of a mitigation measure framework tailored for the issue of collision with fin and sperm whales in the north-western Mediterranean Sea, but that has the transferability features necessary for its application in other high-risk areas for ship strikes worldwide.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2023
Techreport Reference Second public workshop - Security of energy and minerals supply political and economic aspects
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications
Article Reference Seconde contribution à l'étude d'Oryctes (Rykanes) heros Endrödi (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea, Dynastidae)
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications
Book Reference Sédimentologie des formations de Marteau, du Bois d'Ausse et de la partie inférieure de la Formation d'Acoz (Dévonien inférieur) dans l'Est de la Belgique, au bord nord du Massif de Stavelot
Deze samenvatting is niet beschikbaar in het Nederlands. Résumé Les Formations de Marteau et du Bois d'Ausse et la partie inférieure de la Formation d'Acoz (Dévonien inférieur) qui affleurent au nord du Massif de Stavelot, dans l'Est de la Belgique, font l'objet d'une étude sédimentologique et pétrographique détaillée et bien documentée. Les observations de terrain reposent sur les coupes de la Helle et de la Gileppe qui ont été décrites banc par banc. Les caractères lithologiques, complétés par un inventaire exhaustif des structures sédimentaires et par le contenu pétrographique, ont permis de dégager les grands traits de l'évolution sédimentaire et de reconstituer les paléoenvironnements. Dans la Formation de Marteau, on observe le passage d'une sédimentation grossière fluviatile, d'abord peu structurée (rivière en tresses), à une plaine alluviale limitée, ensuite à une plaine alluviale large mais plus côtière et soumise à des influences intertidales (ou estuairiennes). Avec la Formation du Bois d'Ausse, la sédimentation littorale devient presque exclusivement gréseuse, traduisant des apports fluviatiles. On observe ensuite le retour temporaire à une plaine alluviale côtière, soumise à des influences intertidales et enfin à un milieu de type barrière de plage à apports fluviatiles. On atteint ici le maximum transgressif de la mer dévonienne pour la tranche temps et la région étudiée. Le retour à une sédimentation exclusivement continentale s'opère rapidement, marquée par le développement des dépôts rouges de la Formation d'Acoz. Abstract The Lower Devonian Marteau and Bois d'Ausse Formations and the lowermost part of the Acoz Formation outcropping north of the Stavelot Massif in Eastern Belgium are the subject of detailed and well documented sedimentological and petrographical investigations. Continuous sections outcropping in the Helle and Gileppe valleys have been described bed by bed. Lithological characters, sedimentary structures and petrographical content are the basis for understanding the sedimentary evolution and paleoenvironments. In the lower part of the Marteau Formation, coarse-grained siliciclastic deposits are indicative of a braided-river system, evolving towards an alluvial plain of limited extent. Sediments from the upper part of the Marteau Formation reflect a more coastal alluvial plain setting, affected by intertidal influences. The littoral environment is obvious in the lower part of the Bois d'Ausse Formation with a sandy sedimentation resulting mainly from fluvial influx. Temporarily, a coastal alluvial plain develops, attested by intertidal influences. Barrier-beach conditions with fluvial influx characterize the upper part of the Bois d'Ausse Formation. It corresponds to the transgressive maximum for the Lower Devonian sea in the studied area. The return to a continental setting is rapid with the development of the red-coloured sediments which characterize the Acoz Formation.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications
Book Reference Sédimentologie et diagenèse des monticules micritiques "F2j" du Frasnien de l'Ardenne, 2 fascicules
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications
Article Reference Sédimentologie et Ostracodes de la limite Eifelien-Givetien à Resteigne (bord sud du Bassin de Dinant, Belgique)
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications
Book Reference Sédimentologie, paléoécologie et paléontologie des calcaires crinoidiques au voisinage de la limite Couvinien-Givetien à Wellin: bord sud du synclinorium de Dinant)
Deze samenvatting is niet beschikbaar in het Nederlands. Résumé L'analyse sédimentologique des couches de transition Eifelien-Givetien dans la région de Wellin montre le passage d'un sytème de rampe mixte siliciclastique et carbonatée à une plate-forme carbonatée de faible pente et sans barrière récifale vraie. L'évolution de la sédimentation est celle d'une mégaséquence d'accrétion littorale au cours de laquelle les corps sédimentaires s'empilent sous forme d'unités progradantes d'épaisseurs décamétriques. L'analyse du contenu de la macrofaune corallienne et de la microflore algaire révèle en premier lieu une très grande diversité et abondance des organismes. Plusieurs assemblages sont reconnus et leur extension verticale est précisée. Ces assemblages reflètent souvent les zonations de faciès au sein de la rampe et ne peuvent donc être utilisés à des fins stratigraphiques qu'avec prudence. La comparaison avec d'autre données du Synclinorium de Dinant montre que le domaine sédimentaire était déjà structuré en "blocs" ou panneaux au sommet de l'Eifelien, préfigurant la situation au Givetien inférieur où plusieurs blocs d'extension plurikilométrique sont connus. Dans ce contexte, la mise en évidence d'une nouvelle formation (dénommée provisoirement Formation X) entre les Formations de Jemelle et d'Hanonet, dans la partie supérieure de l'Eifélien, prend toute son importance: cette formation, épaisse d'environ 120 m et constituée de calcaires crinoïdiques et construits, souligne la présence d'un bloc dans la région de Wellin. Abstract The sedimentology of the Eifelian-Givetian boundary beds in the Wellin area indicates a transition frorn a siliciclastic-carbonate ramp to a gently sloping carbonate platform lacking a true reefal barrier. Prograding decametric sedimentary units form a littoral accretion megasequence. Corallian megafauna and algal microflora are highly diverse and abundant. Several communities are recognized in the ramp but they cannot be used for precise chronostratigraphic correlations. Comparison with other regions of the Dinant Synclinorium shows that the basin was already partitioned into blocks in Late Eifelian time. In Early Givetian several blocks of plurikilornetric extension are identified. In this context, recognition of a new formation, provisionnally called "Formation X", between the Jemelle and Hanonet Formations, is significant. This local unit, some 120 meters thick, is composed of crinoidal and reefal limestones and indicates the existence of a sharply subsiding block in the Wellin area.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications
Book Reference Sedimentologische beschrijving en interpretatie van Pleistocene afzettingen in ongeroerde boringen van de westelijke kustvlakte.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications