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Chenier-type ridges in Giralia Bay (Exmouth Gulf, Western Australia) - Processes, chronostratigraphy, and significance for recording past tropical cyclones
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RBINS Staff Publications 2018
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Chicomurex lani n. sp. (Gastropoda: Muricidae), a new species from Taiwan and its intricate history
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RBINS Staff Publications
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Chicxulub impact winter sustained by fine silicate dust
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The Chicxulub impact is thought to have triggered a global winter at the Cretaceous-Palaeogene (K-Pg) boundary 66 million years ago. Yet the climatic consequences of the various debris injected into the atmosphere following the Chicxulub impact remain unclear, and the exact killing mechanisms of the K-Pg mass extinction remain poorly constrained. Here we present palaeoclimate simulations based on sedimentological constraints from an expanded terrestrial K-Pg boundary deposit in North Dakota, United States, to evaluate the relative and combined effects of impact-generated silicate dust and sulfur, as well as soot from wildfires, on the post-impact climate. The measured volumetric size distribution of silicate dust suggests a larger contribution of fine dust (~0.8–8.0 μm) than previously appreciated. Our simulations of the atmospheric injection of such a plume of micrometre-sized silicate dust suggest a long atmospheric lifetime of 15yr, contributing to a global-average surface temperature falling by as much as 15°C. Simulated changes in photosynthetic active solar radiation support a dust-induced photosynthetic shut-down for almost 2 yr post-impact. We suggest that, together with additional cooling contributions from soot and sulfur, this is consistent with the catastrophic collapse of primary productivity in the aftermath of the Chicxulub impact.
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RBINS Staff Publications 2023 OA
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Chièvres/Chièvres : témoins archéobotaniques d'un tannage végétal complexe à l'époque contemporaine
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Entre 2013 et 2015, une opération d'archéologie préventive d'envergure a été menée dans la commune de Chièvres par le Service Archéologique de Wallonie. Lors des travaux d’installation du collecteur d’eaux usées pour la station d’épuration, deux cuves d’une tannerie datant du 19ème siècle ont été découvertes. L'une des deux cuves a pu faire l’objet d’une fouille exhaustive et son remplissage a livré des matériaux organiques propices aux études archéobotaniques. Celles-ci ont été entreprises afin d'éclairer le fonctionnement de la tannerie et de fournir des informations sur le type de tannage utilisé. Le tannage est l'opération qui consiste à transformer la peau en cuir grâce aux tanins ; ces substances de différentes natures (végétales, minérales ou combinées) permettent la transformation d'une peau putrescible en un matériau durable et imputrescible. Sans surprise, les assemblages polliniques enregistrent de nombreux taxons riches en tanin tels que les arbres forestiers chêne, hêtre et châtaignier, et les fruitiers de type Prunus sp.. Parallèlement, des écorces de feuillus indéterminés ont été trouvées au sein des macrorestes végétaux. Ont aussi été identifiés dans les spectres polliniques certaines espèces herbacées (Artemisia, Plantago, Filipendula) et d'autres microfossiles intéressants, qui ont également pu jouer un rôle dans le processus de tannage étant donné leurs propriétés astringentes, antiseptiques, ou encore colorantes. Mais les découvertes les plus frappantes concernent le matériel carpologique avec l’identification de nombreux noyaux de dattes (Phoenix dactylifera) et de noyaux très fragmentés de Myrobolan ou cadou (Terminalia chebula), deux espèces exotiques importées. Autant la présence de la datte suscite des interrogations, autant la présence du Myrobolan ou cadou a toute sa place dans ce contexte. En effet, dès le début du 20ème siècle, le fruit séché du Myrobolan est l'une des matières tannantes les plus connues, exportée de manière considérable, principalement de Bombay (Brandis 1906). Au cours de cette présentation, nous essayerons également de reconstituer, ou tout du moins d'appréhender, le mode de tannage pratiqué à Chièvres, grâce aux analyses des micro- et macro-restes botaniques retrouvés. De plus, sur la base de recherches historiques et archivistiques, nous tenterons de comprendre l'importation, la distribution et l'utilisation du cadou en Belgique à l'époque contemporaine.
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RBINS Staff Publications 2024
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Children at Work: Looking for Evidence in Past Societies
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RBINS Staff Publications 2019
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Chimpanzees surviving in a fragmented high-altitude forest landscape of the Congolese Albertine Rift
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RBINS Staff Publications 2021
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Chironomid distribution along a pollution gradient in Ethiopian rivers, and their potential for biological water quality monitoring.
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Water pollution resulting from the rapidly intensifying use of freshwater resources in Ethiopia is increasing the need for continuous follow-up and monitoring of the country’s aquatic ecosystems, in order to maintain their biological diversity and water quality. Chironomids (non-biting dipteran midges) are often used for biological water quality assessment because their larvae tend to respond rapidly and sensitively to changes in the aquatic environment. Larval chironomid assemblages from 37 sites in 20 Ethiopian rivers were analysed in 2010 to assess the relationship between species composition and water quality. Cluster analysis of local physical and chemical variables was used to classify sites into three different water quality classes: 15 sites were classified as not or slightly polluted, 16 as moderately polluted and six as heavily polluted. We recovered 21 chironomid taxa, representing three subfamilies, with Chironominae (13 taxa) making the largest contribution, followed by Tanypodinae and Orthocladinae (four taxa each). Polypedilum nubifer, P. wittei, Polypedilum type Wabe, Cryptochironomus sp. and Conchapelopia sp. were the dominant species in unpolluted or slightly polluted sites. Chironomus alluaudi and C. imicola were indicators of heavily polluted sites, typified by low (<2 mg l–1) concentrations of dissolved oxygen. Heavily polluted sites, such as the Modjo and Sebata rivers, also held a lower number of species and genera than less-impacted sites. Larval chironomid assemblages proved useful as indicators of river water quality in Ethiopia when taxa are identified at the species and/or genus level.
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RBINS Staff Publications
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Chironomid paleoecology in Africa
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RBINS Staff Publications
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Chitinozoan biozonation and new lithostratigraphical data in the Upper Ordovician of the Fauquez and Asquempont areas (Brabant Massif, Belgium)
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A chitinozoan biozonation is established for the Upper Ordovician rocks of the Sennette valley in the Fauquez area and the Asquempont area, revising the existing chitinozoan biozonation of the Brabant Massif. The chitinozoans of fi ve formations (the Ittre, Bornival, Huet, Fauquez and Madot formations) are studied from 70 samples. The chitinozoan biozonation is correlated with Baltoscandia and the Avalonian Upper Ordovician type sections in the U.K. This correlation provides an accurate dating of the studied formations. A megaslumping event, affecting a part of the Ittre and Bornival Formation and causing the overturning of a pile of sediments estimated at minimum 200 m thick, may be placed in the mid Oandu (Cheneyan, middle Caradoc, early “Stage 6”). The volcanic rocks in the Fauquez area, formally thought to be restricted to the Ashgill, are confi ned to the late Caradoc - early Ashgill timespan. In addition to this, this paper presents new lithostratigraphical data on the Ittre Formation and the lower member of the Bornival Formation.
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Choristella leptalea Bush, 1897 (Vetigastropoda: Choristellidae), content analysis of a spent skate egg case collected in the southwestern Icelandic deep-water
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RBINS Staff Publications 2022
