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Pavements et placages, l’ornementation du balnéaire privé de Warcq (Ardennes, France).
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Introduction: Une fouille préventive s’est déroulée aux lieux-dits « Simonelle » et « Sous le Chemin de Tournes » de la commune de Warcq. Cette commune se situe à trois kilomètres au nord-ouest de Charleville-Mézières, à la confluence de la Meuse, du ruisseau de This et de la Sormonne. Les opérations de terrain ont permis de mettre au jour les vestiges d’une partie d’une petite villa gallo-romaine constituée d’une cave, d’une cour ainsi que d’un balnéaire . Son occupation, qui s’étend du 1er au 4e siècle de notre ère, est caractérisée par de nombreux réaménagements pouvant être rassemblés en quatre grandes phases distinctes (fig. 1). Le secteur thermal est construit vers 130-150 de notre ère (phase 2) et forme l’aile occidentale de la villa. Vraisemblablement contraints par le bâti existant, les bâtisseurs ont opté pour un plan longitudinal où seule la natatio est en saillie. Il en découle un alignement des pièces et plus particulièrement celui du caldarium et du tepidarium dans celui du praefurnium. Sur près de deux siècles, cette partie de la villa a été soumise à des modifications architecturales dont l’agrandissement du frigidarium aux dépends de la cave (phase 3, fin 2e – début 3e siècle), puis l’ajout d’un apodyterium (phase 4, milieu 3e siècle ?). Dans son dernier état, l’ensemble thermal mesure environ 18 m de long pour 5 m de large offrant aux baigneurs un itinéraire rétrograde. L’accès se fait par le vestiaire dont aucun décor n’a été observé. Le secteur froid est une salle, presque carrée (3,40 m x 2,90 m). Elle comporte un bassin à immersion (natatio) à l’ouest et une banquette plaquée contre le mur oriental. On passe ensuite par le tepidarium, une salle rectangulaire (3,30 m x 1,90 m). Le parcours se poursuit par le caldarium. Cette pièce, aux mêmes dimensions que la précédente, est pourvue en sus d’une petite alcôve de 1,20 m de long sur 0,90 m de large dans laquelle est logé un bassin. Une seconde baignoire est flanquée contre le mur occidental (fig. 1). Ce balnéaire se distingue par l’utilisation de la pierre pour son apparat décoratif. Elle est employée aussi bien pour les pavements que pour les parois. Ce type de pratique reste méconnu et peu fréquent dans le sud de la Gaule belgique. L’ornementation des thermes sera abordée au travers de l’étude de ces décors et, dans un second temps, par la caractérisation et la provenance des roches utilisées. Il convient de mentionner que ces roches se distinguent des pierres de construction qui sont en calcaire gréseux coquillier de couleur jaune pâle à beige, attribuées à la Pierre de Romery, d’extraction locale. Ce matériau affleure à quelques kilomètres de Warcq. Ce travail résulte d’une collaboration entre archéologue, géologue, restauratrices et spécialiste des pavements, et fait suite à une intervention de dépose des pavements et des revêtements muraux mis au jour lors de la fouille.
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RBINS Staff Publications 2021
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Penaeus aztecus Ives, 1891 (Crustacea, Decapoda), in the Scheldt estuary (Belgium): Isolated record or forerunner of a penaeid invasion?
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A single specimen of the penaeid prawn Penaeus aztecus (Ives, 1891) was recorded in 2018 in the brackish zone of the Scheldt estuary near Antwerp (Belgium). The presence of this species, native to the West Atlantic, might result either from ships' ballast water coming from transatlantic boat shipping, from illegal import or from a considerable expansion leap northwards from the Mediterranean Sea, where this species has recently established and now has rapidly expanding invasive populations.
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RBINS Staff Publications 2020
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Performance of species richness estimators in a leaf-litter ant assemblage
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RBINS Staff Publications
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Period of public commentary begins on the revised proposal of species-group level names, and on the proposal of genus-group level names of the Candidate Part of List of Available Names (LAN) in the phylum Rotifera
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RBINS Staff Publications 2016
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Periodic pattern of species distribution in a ground-dwelling ant assemblage
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RBINS Staff Publications
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Periphytic community structure of Ostracoda (Crustacea) in the river-floodplain system of the Upper Paraná River
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Aim: We assessed the effect of environmental factors on the structure of periphytic ostracods communities along the river-floodplain system of the Upper Paraná River. We predict that the higher distance from Porto Primavera dam downstream would lead to higher diversity and density of the ostracods. Methods: Periphytic ostracods (associated with root systems of the floating Eichhornia spp) were sampled during November 2013 to May 2015. Three samples were collected at each sampling site (channel of the Paraná River, tributaries and lakes). Eichhornia plants were removed from the water by hand and the plants were placed in a plastic bucket. Roots were washed for the removal of ostracods, and samples were filtered through a hand net with 160 µm mesh size. Results: The faunistic survey recorded 44 ostracods species and richness estimators indicated that sampling effort appears to be suitable to reveal the diversity of ostracods in this studied area. The highest richness and density were observed in the stretch downstream of the dam in the main channel of Paraná River and in the lakes. Beta diversity was not significantly different along the longitudinal gradient downstream and higher similarity of ostracods species composition was observed in the lakes located in the stretch downstream of the dam. Conclusions: An increase in the richness and density of ostracods were recorded in the sections downstream of the Paraná River, evidencing the importance of undammed tributaries on the ostracods community. The similarity of beta diversity amongst sampling sites may be owing to permanent hydrological connectivity amongst these environments, favouring the exchange of organisms mainly through the drift of free-floating macrophytes, and owing to the passive dispersal of drought resistant eggs of ostracods. Local abiotic factors had significant effects on abundance and distribution of some ostracod species.
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RBINS Staff Publications 2017
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Persistent inter- and intraspecific gene exchange within a parallel radiation of caterpillar hunter beetles (Calosoma sp.) from the Galapagos
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RBINS Staff Publications
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Perspective - Recurrent adaptation in a low-dispersal trait
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RBINS Staff Publications
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Perturbation of a coastal Tethyan environment during the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum in Tunisia (Sidi Nasseur and Wadi Mezaz).
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Despite the large number of studies on the Paleocene–Eocene thermal maximum (PETM), the knowledge of environmental and biotic responses in shallow marine environments remains quite poor. Benthic foraminiferal assemblages of the Sidi Nasseur and Wadi Mezaz sections in Tunisia were studied quantitatively and the paleoecologic interpretations provide new insights into the complex relationship between PETM global warming and perturbations of shallow marine settings. These sections expose upper Paleocene to lower Eocene shales and marls of the El Haria Formation up to the phosphate layers of the Chouabine Formation underlying the El Garia limestones. The Sidi Nasseur section contains a more complete and expanded Paleocene–Eocene boundary interval compared to Wadi Mezaz, although being truncated at the top. The Wadi Mezaz section contains a more complete post-PETM interval. The studied interval can be subdivided into a sequence of 4 biofacies, representing respectively a latest Paleocene biofacies, two PETM biofacies and one post-PETM Eocene biofacies. The latest Paleocene biofacies 1 consists of numerous calcareous benthic foraminifera (e.g. Anomalinoides midwayensis, Frondicularia aff. phosphatica and various Bulimina and Lenticulina species), abundant noncalcareous taxa (Haplophragmoides) and rare planktic foraminifera, indicating a slightly hypersaline eutrophic inner neritic to coastal environment, regularly interrupted by oxygen deficiency (moderate dysoxia). During the latest Paleocene, this highly productive environment shallowed as indicated by the increasing abundances of A. midwayensis. The variable dominance of non-calcareous agglutinated taxa in biofacies 1 indicates post-mortem dissolution effects. The TOC δ13Corg record reveals a sharp negative excursion, marking the base of the Eocene. In general, the absence of lithologic changes, an increasing sedimentation rate and absence of reworking indicate that the initial part of the PETM is complete and expanded in the Sidi Nasseur section. A sharp faunal turnover coincides with this negative δ13Corg excursion and is characterized by the disappearance or diminution of common Paleocene taxa in this area. During the PETM, benthic foraminifera are less abundant and consist of opportunistic non-calcareous taxa together with deeper dwelling (middle neritic) lagenids and buliminids (biofacies 2 and 3). Planktic foraminifera, dominated by flat-spired Acarinina (mainly A. multicamerata), become more abundant, as observed in many open marine sequences worldwide. All these faunal parameters suggest more stressed probably severe dysoxic sea floor conditions within a transgressive phase during the onset of the PETM. An estimation of the total duration of the Sidi Nasseur PETM interval is difficult to establish, yet the lack of recovery carbon isotope values suggests that the preserved PETM interval reflects only a part of the CIE “core”. The top of the PETM interval is truncated due to local (?) erosion during the early Eocene. The Eocene recovery fauna is mainly composed of Lenticulina and Stainforthia species (biofacies 4), indicating restricted coastal to hyposaline lagoonal eutrophic conditions, distinctly different from earlier environmental conditions.
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RBINS Staff Publications
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PESI - a taxonomic backbone for Europe
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RBINS Staff Publications
