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Article Reference Mixed hydrothermal and meteoric fluids evidenced by unusual H- and O-isotope compositions of kaolinite-halloysite in the Fe(-Mn) Tamra deposit (Nefza district, NW Tunisia)
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2018
Article Reference Mixing of magmatic-hydrothermal and metamorphic fluids and the origin of peribatholitic Sn vein-type deposits in Rwanda
The fluid sources of granite-related Sn-quartz vein deposits are commonly obscured by fluid mixing or fluid-rock interactions. As a result, fluid inclusions, minerals and isotopes in these veins indicate an intermediate composition between magmatic and metamorphic, but the degree of mixing between these endmembers is currently unquantified. This study presents a novel quantitative approach to assess the degree of mixing between magmatic-hydrothermal and external metamorphic fluids in the formation of peribatholitic Sn-quartz veins. In particular, fluid mixing in the Sn-mineralized Rwamagana-Musha-Ntunga pegmatite-quartz vein field in East Rwanda has been evaluated by the following four methods: quartz stable isotopes, muscovite geochemistry, fluid inclusion microthermometry and LA-ICP-MS, and geochemical modelling. The quartz stable isotope data (δ18O: +13.1 to +15.8‰ V-SMOW; δD: −27.6 to −59.7‰ V-SMOW) cannot uniquely differentiate between a metamorphic fluid origin or an initial magmatic hydrothermal fluid origin with subsequent metamorphic fluid mixing or host-rock interaction. However, granitophile element concentrations in magmatic muscovite from pegmatites and hydrothermal muscovite from associated Sn-quartz veins are equally high, indicating a close genetic link (Rb: 530–8740 ppm, Li: 110–1990 ppm, Sn: 87–810 ppm, Cs: 62–420 ppm). Primary H2O-CO2-N2-NaCl medium saline magmatic fluid inclusions in quartz of pegmatites (∼12.7 wt% NaCleq) and H2O-CO2-(N2)-NaCl low saline fluid inclusions in barren metamorphic quartz veins (∼4.9 wt% NaCleq) were analyzed by LA-ICP-MS. These results show an enrichment in Li, Rb, Sn and Cs for the magmatic fluid, while the metamorphic fluid is characterized by low granitophile element concentrations and high Sr and Ba contents. The expected Rb-Cs and Rb-Sn signature of the Sn-quartz vein muscovite was modelled using the measured fluid endmember compositions, confirming mixing between magmatic and metamorphic fluids in the formation of the veins. The quantification suggests that the hydrothermal Sn-quartz vein fluid contains 5–80% of an external metamorphic fluid component.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2018
Article Reference Mn oxides as efficient traps for metal pollutants in a polyphase low-temperature Pliocene environment: A case study in the Tamra iron mine, Nefza mining district, Tunisia
Located in Library / No RBINS Staff publications
Article Reference Mobility and origin of camels in the Roman Empire through serial stable carbon and oxygen isotopes variations in tooth enamel
Although camels are not indigenous to Europe, they have been found at several sites from several Roman provinces dating from the beginning of the 1st century AD onwards. It must have been beneficial to bring them there. Based on finds of remains from juvenile individuals (e.g. from Tanais), it has been suggested that the Romans might have systematically bred camels within Europe. For this study, we took serial samples of the enamel of four camels from European sites (Innsbruck-Wilten, Mamer-Bertrange, Tongeren, and Trier) dating to the 2nd - 4th century AD. We measured the relative abundances of carbon and oxygen isotopes of the carbonate fraction from the tooth enamel. The continuous record of oxygen and carbon isotopic composition of the intra-tooth enamel serial samples reflects the climate and habitat in which an individual lived during the time of tooth mineralization. We used these data to make a rough evaluation of the areas of origin consistent with the relative abundances of the isotopes from the enamel of the camels and attempt to reconstruct their life history and mobility behavior based on the different ecological characteristics of the habitats represented in the isotopic data. Furthermore, the data can function as an additional proxy for species determination, due to the different habitats of Camelus bactrianus and Camelus dromedarius. This work also yields interesting insights on the similarities in the mobility pattern of the camels from Mamer-Bertrange and Trier. In combination with archaeological evidence, it was possible to tentatively connect them with specific military units, i.e. the detachments of the Legio VIII Augusta.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2020
Article Reference Mobility of Scandinavian goods in the Middle Ages and modern period: identification of Norwegian whetstones in northern France and Belgium.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2024
Article Reference Model of remote-sensing reflectance including bidirectional effects for case 1 and case 2 waters
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications
Article Reference Modeling storm-influenced suspended particulate matter flocculation usin g a tide-wave-combined biomineral model
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2018
Article Reference Modélisation 3D par imagerie lidar et analyse structurale de la Salle du Dôme des Grottes de Han-sur-Lesse (Belgique, Ardenne)
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2020
Article Reference PS document Modelling diatom and Phaeocystis blooms and nutrient cycles in the Southern Bight of the North Sea: the MIRO model.
The link between anthropogenic nutrient loads and the magnitude and extent of diatom and Phaeocystis colony blooms in the Southern Bight of the North Sea was explored with the complex ecosystem model MIRO. The model was adapted for resolving the changing nutrient loads, the complex biology of the bloom species and the tight coupling between the benthic and pelagic compartments that characterise this shallow coastal shelf sea ecosystem. State variables included the main inorganic nutrients (nitrate [NO3], ammonium [NH4], phosphate [PO4] and dissolved silica [DSi]), 3 groups of phytoplankton with different trophic fates (diatoms, nanophytoflagellates and Phaeocystis colonies), 2 zooplankton groups (copepods and microzooplankton), bacteria, and 5 classes of detrital organic matter with different biodegradability. The capability of the MIRO model to properly simulate the observed SW–NE gradient in nutrient enrichment and the seasonal cycle of inorganic and organic C and nutrients, phytoplankton, bacteria and zooplankton in the eastern English Channel and Southern Bight of the North Sea is demonstrated by running the model for the period from 1989 to 1999. The MIRO code was implemented in a simplified multi-box representation of the hydrodynamic regime. These model runs give the first general view of the seasonal dynamics of Phaeocystis colony blooms and nutrient cycling within the domain. C, N and P budget calculations show that (1) the coastal ecosystem has a low nutrient retention and elimination capacity, (2) trophic efficiency of the planktonic system is low, and (3) both are modulated by meteorological forcing.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications
Article Reference Modelling dispersal dynamics of the early life stages of a marine flatfish (Solea solea L.).
Connectivity throughout the life cycle of flatfish remains an open question, especially during the early life stages. Their effective management requires understanding of how spawning grounds and nurseries are connected and what processes influence larval retention and dispersal. The case of sole (Solea solea L.) is of particular interest because it is one of the most valuable commercial species in the North Sea, although stocks are chronically overexploited and variability in interannual recruitment is high. The transport of sole larvae from the spawning grounds to the nurseries is driven by hydrodynamic processes, but the final dispersal pattern and larval survival/abundance might be influenced by both behavioral and environmental factors. Therefore it is important to understand the relative impact of hydrodynamics, environment, behavior and ecophysiology on sole larval dispersal. Here we use a particle-tracking transport model coupled to a 3D hydro-dynamic model of the North Sea to investigate interannual variability of the transport of sole larvae over a 12-year period (1995–2006). A sensitivity analysis is performed to assess the relative impact of hydrodynamics, temperature and behavior on the recruitment dynamics to the nurseries. Four scenarios have been tested: (i) constant forcing of sea surface temperature during all years but varying meteorological forcing and river runoff, (ii) constant meteorological forcing during the whole period but varying sea surface temperature and river runoff, (iii) no vertical migration and (iv) an extended drift period (max. 30 days) before settlement if the larvae are not close to a suitable sediment type. Results suggest that year-to-year variability of larval supply to the nurseries is high, both in terms of abundance and larval source (balance between retention and dispersal). Sensitivity analysis shows that larval abundance at the end of the larval stage increases considerably if a settling delay is included. The impact of vertical migration on larval transport and the variations in larval retention at the nurseries due to varying meteorological conditions and sea surface temperature forcing are not spatially consistent.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications