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Plant-animal mutualistic interaction: the case of the Uapaca trees and the western lowland gorilla (G. g. gorilla)
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RBINS Staff Publications
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Plant-invertebrate-vertebrate biodiversity and food web patterns along Mt Wilhelm and other complete altitudinal rainforest gradients.
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RBINS Staff Publications 2017
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Platychelone emarginata gigantic Cretaceous marine turtle from Belgium
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Platychelone emarginata Dollo, 1909 is a large turtle from the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) chalk sediments of Limburg, Belgium. Hitherto, only the name was given to this turtle without describing details or providing figures. A single well articulated carapace (IRScNB. Reg. 1681), lacking nuchal, peripherals, and pygal plates, is preserved. The distance from the first costal to the distal end of the eighth costal is 180 cm, indicating that the original carapace was about 210 cm long. Its gigantic size, flattened shell, reduction of distal half of costals, and loss of scute sulcus, indicate that Platychelone is a member of true marine turtles (superfamily Chelonioidea). Neurals are rectangular shape and inclination of the first thoracic vertebra is almost vertical, suggesting this turtle belongs to either Protostegidae or Dermochelyidae. Seventh and eighth costals are medially meeting due to the loss of neurals; this condition is shared with the genus Mesodermochelys from the Late Cretaceous (Santonian to Maastrichtian) of Japan. Thus, it seems most probable that Platychelone is a closest relative of Mesodermochelys among basal dermochelyids. Platychelone has presumed autoapomorphic characters such as very thickened distal ends of thoracic ribs and irregular sculptures on carapace, not seen in any other chelonioids. This genus is only known by the holotype, whereas Allopleuron hoffmanni, a very common cheloniid marine turtle from in the Maastrichtian deposits of Belgium and Netherland, is known from some hundred specimens. So far, there is no ancestral or related taxon of Platychelone from the Campanian deposits of Belgium. The occurrence of Platychelone is very rare but evokes a high taxonomic diversity of gigantic chelonioids in the Cretaceous Tethys.
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RBINS Staff Publications 2017
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Pleistocene gravels on the Belgian offshore investigated for composition and provenance, towards a reassessment of the transport models
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RBINS Staff Publications 2016
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Policy combinations to navigate between private and public monopolies in emerging technological sectors
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Finance is one of the main critical issues for the development of a low carbon society especially during times of economic recession. Closing this green investment gap will require policy intervention. This paper is part of a larger research project – the ALPI project – which aims at analysing and designing relevant instruments to accelerate the transition towards a low carbon society. As a showcase of emerging technologies in Belgium, the Hasselt University, the University of Liège and the Geological Survey of Belgium are investigating the regional potential for geothermal electricity production. Deep geothermal energy appears to be currently on the edge of a take-off. But the actual emergence of this technology is subject to developments in legislation and incentives from regional governments. Different risk/return expectations across stages of the investment continuum exist and the financial structures that are employed at each stage may require different types of public support. Considering the particularities of the development of geothermal energy in Belgium, we present different combinations of incentives to support geothermal energy, and we review different sector evolutions through a broad stakeholder consultation (policy makers, sector federations, industry, researchers, banking sector, investors, etc.). However, a reviewof the learning effects shows that neither of the two combinations can prevent a regional monopolisation of the underground as a natural resource either by a private first-mover, or a public investor. Therefore, intermediary solutions are proposed to providea balance between the two extremes, and to ensure an improved sector growth and a continuous open market. Keywords: Technological innovation, Policy instruments, Competition, Combination of policies
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RBINS Staff Publications 2016
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Pollen analysis in the historical period: methods and case studies
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RBINS Staff Publications
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Pollen and Non-Pollen palynomorphs from two neolithic sites in Wallonia (SE Belgium)
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The study presented in this contribution is part of a new multidisciplinary research program undertaken by the “Service Public de Wallonie” since 2011 on archaeological sites uncovered in the Walloon region (SE Belgium). Indeed, very few archaeoenvironmental studies have been done in this area, especially in archaeobotany, and none of them was employed in combination. Up to now, most of the studies have been concentrated on the Neolithic period which is thus the best documented so far. In this context, we analysed pollen and NPPs from two Neolithic sites of primary importance for the understanding of the first sedentary occupations and/or their specific activities. Our data represent the first NPPs records in Wallonia. The first site (Fehxe-le-Haut-Cloché) is an Early Neolithic village (Belgian LBK) situated on the Belgian High Speed Train path Brussels-Liege. It is characterized by outlying houses which are older than the rest of the village’s houses located within an enclosure. Pottery style, techno-functional aspects of flint-tools and AMS C14 dating attest that these isolated houses may be considered as pioneer installations. Pollen and NPPs analyses are based on 35 samples coming from 18 pits and ditches linked to 8 houses belonging to both pioneer and secondary phases. The second site (Spiennes), located in the outskirts of Mons, is well known for its Middle-Late Neolithic flint mines which are listed on the UNESCO World heritage Sites since 2000. The men who started to dig mines in Spiennes had just discovered a profuse deposit of quality, which was to be exploited for more than 1 800 years. In total, around one hundred hectares were to be exploited and thousands of shafts were to be bored. Pollen and NPPs samples (48) have been retrieved from exploited flint layers, extraction shafts infillings and flint knapping workshops of 12 structures scattered on 3 different parcels of the exploitation.
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Pollen data and other archaeobotanical remains from the middle ages in wallonia (southern Belgium): A review
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RBINS Staff Publications
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Pont-à-Celles/Viesville (Ht) : une tombe à incinération romaine au sein de la nécropole mérovingienne
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RBINS Staff Publications
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Population genetic differentiation in Melarhaphe neritoides, a marine gastropod with a long-lived planktonic larval stage.
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Marine invertebrates with planktonic-dispersing larvae are assumed to be good dispersers over long distances. This high dispersal capacity implies a high gene flow between populations and a homogeneous population genetic structuring over wide geographic scales. The marine gastropod Melarhaphe neritoides has a long-lived planktonic larval dispersal stage and allozyme data suggest that it is genetically homogeneous over its whole European distribution area. In contrast, preliminary mtDNA sequence data uncovered a remarkable degree of genetic diversity and genetic structuring on smaller geographic scales. In order to explore this mtDNA diversity and structuring in M. neritoides we started to survey sequence variation at COI and 16S rDNA all over the Azores archipelago. These data reveal that the Azorean populations share very few haplotypes, both between and within islands. Hence, it seems that M. neritoides with its long-lived planktonic larval stage nevertheless shows a strong local population genetic structuring and thus challenges the current paradigm that correlates modes of larval development with levels of genetic structuring. It also stresses the importance of the sampling intensity (both in terms of numbers of specimens and genetic markers) to avoid experimental biases when assessing genetic diversity.
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