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Stratigraphie und Paläogeographie des Siegeniums und Emsiums zwischen Aachen und dem Ahrtal (Linksrheinisches Schiefergebirge, Deutschland)
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RBINS Staff Publications
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Stratigraphy and depositional environments of the Late Famennian (Late Devonian) of Southern Belgium and characterization of the Strud locality
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The Famennian (Upper Devonian, c. 372 to 359 Ma) strata of Belgium have recently received much attention after the discoveries of early tetrapod remains and outstandingly preserved continental arthropods. The Strud locality has yielded a diverse flora and fauna including seed-plants, tetrapods, various placoderm, actinopterygian, acanthodian and sarcopterygian fishes, crustaceans (anostracans, notostracans, conchostracans and decapods) and a putative complete insect. This fossil assemblage is one of the oldest continental – probably fresh-water – ecosystems with a considerable vertebrate and invertebrate diversity. The study of the palaeoenvironment of the Strud locality is crucial because it records one of the earliest and most important phases of tetrapod evolution that took place after their emergence but before their terrestrialization. It raises the question of environmental and ecological conditions for the Devonian aquatic ecosystem and the selection pressures occurring at the onset of tetrapod terrestrialization. The present study characterized the fluvial facies of the Upper Famennian sedimentary rocks of Strud and the surrounding areas. The exceptional preservation of arthropods and plants in the main fossiliferous layers is explained by rapid burial in the fine-grained sediment of the quiet and confined flood plain environment. Newly investigated fossiliferous sections in the Meuse–Samson area led to the description and correlation of key sections (Strud, Wierde and Jausse sections, complemented by the less continuous Haltinne, Huy and Coutisse sections). Moreover, the investigated sections allowed a review of the age of the fossiliferous horizon, which is now definitely considered to be Late Famennian in age.
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RBINS Staff Publications 2016
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Stratigraphy of the Upper Frasnian and Famennian deposits in the region of Hamoir-sur-Ourthe (Dinant Synclinorium, Belgium)
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RBINS Staff Publications
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Structural analysis of narrow reworked boudins and influence of sedimentary successions during a two-stage deformation sequence (Ardenne-Eifel region, Belgium-Germany)
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The famous "boudins" from the Ardenne and Eifel regions (Belgium, Germany) occur as regularly-spaced segments of Lower Devonian (meta-)sandstones separated by lens-shaped quartz veins. The whole is embedded in thick siltstone or shale horizons. Structural evidence throughout the Ardenne-Eifel region reveals a two-stage deformation sequence composed of a layer-parallel extension followed by a layer-parallel shortening. The latter results from the development of the Rhenohercynian fold-and-thrust belt during the Variscan orogeny (Carboniferous). During that period, the boudins inherited from the layer-parallel extension were strongly reworked and acquired their current extreme convex geometry, in parallel to a reduction of the aspect ratio (width/height) to ~0.5. We consider therefore that these structures should be named as ‘narrow reworked boudins’. The prefix ‘narrow’ indicates that before the reworking period the boudin aspect ratio was already small (~ 1.0). In this memoir, evidences of unquestionable narrow boudins are illustrated. Their formation results from the opening of a joint set at a fracture saturation stage, in which any additional layer-parallel extension is accommodated by the opening of the existing joints instead of the development of new joints. We present a new model including all these aspects for the formation and reworking of boudins as those from the Ardenne-Eifel region. The Lower Devonian formations from the Ardenne-Eifel region include not only thick siltstone or shale horizons with isolated sandstone layers that were boudinaged and then reworked, but also sandstone-dominant to massive sandstone units, where fine materials represent only cm- to mm-interlayers. Their deformation patterns differ from those richer in fine materials. During the period of layer-parallel extension, both sandstone-dominant and massive sandstone successions were affected by the growth of complex arrays of single- and multi-layered quartz veins. Single-layered veins correspond to pure open-mode fractures, while multi-layered veins frequently represent a hybrid-shear fracturation mode. During the layer-parallel shortening period, small-scale folds were developed in the sandstone-dominant units in close association with the occurrence of multi-layered quartz veins. By contrast, the quartz veins in massive sandstone units seem to have no influence during the layer-parallel shortening period. In this case, the shortening was accommodated by common structures, such as large-scale folds and reverse faulting (ramp).
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RBINS Staff Publications
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Structurally stable but functionally disrupted marine microbial communities under a future climate change scenario: Potential importance for nitrous oxide emissions
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The blue mussel Mytilus edulis is a widespread and abundant bivalve species along the North Sea with high economic and ecological importance as an engineer species. The shell of mussels is intensively colonized by microbial organisms that can produce significant quantities of nitrous oxide (N2O), a potent greenhouse gas. To characterize the impacts of climate change on the composition, structure and functioning of microbial biofilms on the shell surface of M. edulis, we experimentally exposed them to orthogonal combinations of increased seawater temperature (20 vs. 23 ◦ C) and decreased pH (8.0 vs. 7.7) for six weeks. We used amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene to characterize the alpha and beta diversity of microbial communities on the mussel shell. The functioning of microbial biofilms was assessed by measuring aerobic respiration and nitrogen emission rates. We did not report any significant impacts of climate change treatments on the diversity of mussel microbiomes nor on the structure of these communities. Lowered pH and increased temperature had antagonistic effects on the functioning of microbial communities with decreased aerobic respiration and N2O emission rates of microbial
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RBINS Staff Publications 2023
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Studies in Tertiary benthonic foraminifera in Belgium
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RBINS Staff Publications
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Subsidentie langs de Misweg te Zussen, Gemeente Riemst, als gevolg van ondergrondse kalksteenontginning: Waarnemingen op basis van PSiNSAR Radar Interferometrie.
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RBINS Staff Publications
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Subtidal Natural Hard Substrate Quantitative Habitat Mapping: Interlinking Underwater Acoustics and Optical Imagery with Machine Learning
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Subtidal natural hard substrates (SNHS) promote occupancy by rich benthic communities that provide irreplaceable and fundamental ecosystem functions, representing a global priority target for nature conservation and recognised in most European environmental legislation. However, scientifically validated methodologies for their quantitative spatial demarcation, including information on species occupancy and fine-scale environmental drivers (e.g., the effect of stone size on colonisation) are rare. This is, however, crucial information for sound ecological management. In this investigation, high-resolution (1 m) multibeam echosounder (MBES) depth and backscatter data and derivates, underwater imagery (UI) by video drop-frame, and grab sediment samples, all acquired within 32 km2 of seafloor in offshore Belgian waters, were integrated to produce a random forest (RF) spatial model, predicting the continuous distribution of the seafloor areal cover/m2 of the stones’ grain sizes promoting colonisation by sessile epilithic organisms. A semi-automated UI acquisition, processing, and analytical workflow was set up to quantitatively study the colonisation proportion of different grain sizes, identifying the colonisation potential to begin at stones with grain sizes Ø ≥ 2 cm. This parameter (i.e., % areal cover of stones Ø ≥ 2 cm/m2) was selected as the response variable for spatial predictive modelling. The model output is presented along with a protocol of error and uncertainty estimation. RF is confirmed as an accurate, versatile, and transferable mapping methodology, applicable to area-wide mapping of SNHS. UI is confirmed as an essential aid to acoustic seafloor classification, providing spatially representative numerical observations needed to carry out quantitative seafloor modelling of ecologically relevant parameters. This contribution sheds innovative insights into the ecologically relevant delineation of subtidal natural reef habitat, exploiting state-of-the-art underwater remote sensing and acoustic seafloor classification approaches.
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RBINS Staff Publications 2021
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Sur l'âge, la flore et la faune des formations namuriennes affaissées dans les poches de dissolution du Viséen de la région de Samson (Meuse namuroise)
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RBINS Publications
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Association pour l'Etude de la Paléontologie et de la Stratigraphie houillères
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Bibliographic references
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Sur la constitution lithologique de quelques charbons du bassin houiller d'Andenne
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RBINS Publications
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Association pour l'Etude de la Paléontologie et de la Stratigraphie houillères
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Bibliographic references
