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Inproceedings Reference Un nouveau chiroptère archaeonycteridé dans l’Eocène inférieur du Sud de la France
Les recherches récentes sur les premières chauves-souris ont montré que la diversification des chiroptères a démarrée relativement tôt dans l’Eocène inférieur. La diversité était la plus éle-vée en Europe et en Inde et était composée des familles Onychonycteridae, Icaronycteridae, Archaeonycteridae, Palaeochiropterygidae et Hassianycteridae. Cependant, en Europe, les plus anciennes espèces n’ont été décrites que du nord de l’Europe à l’exception d’Archaeonycteris? praecursor de l’Eocène inférieur de Silveirinha (MP7, Portugal) connu à partir d’une seule dent. Dans cette étude nous présentons un nouveau chiroptère du gisement de La Borie (MP8+9, Saint-Papoul, Aude). Il s’agit ici de la première espèce de l’Eocène infé-rieur du sud de l’Europe identifiée à partir d’une dentition relativement complète: environ 40 dents isolées et fragments de dentaires. Les dents sont nyctalodontes et présentent les carac-tères suivants: canines de taille modérée; p4 de taille moyenne avec un métaconide bien déve-loppé; m1-2 larges avec un hypoconulide très lingual et un entoconide élevé; P4 de taille moyenne; M1-2 avec un ectoflexus profond, un paraconule faible, un métaconule faible à ab-sent et une centrocrista ne rejoignant pas le bord labial; m3/M3 plus petites que m1-2/M1-2. Ces caractères indiquent que cette espèce appartient aux archaeonycteridés et est proche du genre Archaeonycteris. Elle diffère de l’espèce-type Archaeonycteris trigonodon de l’Eocène moyen de Messel (MP11, Allemagne), d’A. brailloni de l’Eocène inférieur de Mutigny et Avenay (MP8+9, France) et de Protonycteris gunnelli de l’Eocène inférieur de Vastan (Guja-rat, Inde) par sa taille environ 25 % plus petite. Elle est similaire en taille à Archaeonycteris? praecursor, A? storchi de Vastan et au nouvel archaeonycteridé de Meudon (MP7, France). Elle diffère de A? storchi par une p4 plus petite et un dentaire moins élevé et de l’espèce de Meudon par un hypoconulide plus lingual, un entoconide plus élevé et la postcristide plus longue. En fait, l’espèce de La Borie est très similaire à A? praecursor par la m2 présentant un entoconide haut et une postcristide longue; la différence principale étant l’hypoconulide qui est un peu plus lingual. Ce dernier caractère suggère une dilambdodontie plus avancée que chez A? praecursor, ce qui est en accord avec l’âge des deux localités. Les deux espèces sem-blent appartenir à la même lignée évolutive qui serait restreinte géographiquement au sud de l’Europe. A côté de cette espèce abondante, deux autres chiroptères sont présents à La Borie. Le premier, représenté par une seule M1 portant un hypocone, appartient vraisemblablement à un icaronycteridé. Le second, représenté par une M1 et une M2 de petite taille pourrait appar-tenir à un palaeochiropterygidé primitif. Ce résumé est une contribution au projet BR/121/A3/PalEurAfrica financé par la Politique Scientifique Belge.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2017
Article Reference Un nouveau placoderme de l’Arctique canadien : apports sur nos connaissances de l’évolution des dents chez les premiers gnathostomes.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications
Inproceedings Reference Uncertainties associated with long-term observations of suspended particulated matter concentration using optical and acoustic sensors.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2018
Inproceedings Reference Uncovering the diversity and evolutionary histories of viruses from archived specimens from the Afrotropics
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2023 OA
Inproceedings Reference Understanding late medieval farming practices: an interdisciplinary study on byre remains from the historical centre of Brussels (Belgium)
During a preventive archaeological excavation in the historical centre of Brussels (Belgium), the waterlogged remains of a 13th century AD sunken byre (potstal) were discovered. The exceptional preservation instigated a multiproxy approach, including micro-archaeology, micromorphology, phytolith and parasite analysis on thin sections, palynology and the study of plant macroremains on the fill of the structure. Beyond detailing the content and multiple origins of the fill (including excremental waste and urines, fodder and bedding material, plaggen and/or soil sods, household and construction waste), this study also provides detailed insights into foddering customs, hygienic conditions within the stable, and the health status of the animals kept. Moreover, historians claim the importance of an agro-pastoral system where animals were kept in stables over winter as part of the explanation for cultivating new and less rich soils in high medieval times. The intensive study of high medieval cultivated fields in the historical centre of Brussels indeed shows that they have intensively been amended. So aside from documenting husbandry practices, this study also informs about late medieval farming practices in Brussels, more specifically the need to collect substantial amounts of manure to add as fertiliser onto cultivated poor sandy soils.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2025
Inproceedings Reference Understanding pre- and protohistoric settlement and land-use systems in Sandy Flanders (NW Belgium) through palaeoenvironment and climate change reconstructions: Pollen and NPP records
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications
Inproceedings Reference Understanding prehistoric settlement and land-use systems in Sandy Flanders (NW Belgium) since the last 15000 years: the high resolution palaeoenvironmental multiproxy records of the Moervaart area.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications
Inproceedings Reference Understanding Prehistoric settlement dynamics, farming systems and mining activities in Wallonia (SE Belgium): Pollen and Non-Pollen Palynomorphs records from two Neolithic sites
The study presented in this contribution is part of a new multidisciplinary research program undertaken by the “Service Public de Wallonie” since 2011 on archaeological sites uncovered in the Walloon region (SE Belgium). Indeed, very few archaeoenvironmental studies have been done in this area, especially in archaeobotany, and none of them was employed in combination. Up to now, most of the studies have been concentrated on the Neolithic period which is thus the best documented so far. In this context, we analysed pollen and NPPs from two Neolithic sites of primary importance for the understanding of the first sedentary occupations and/or their specific activities. Our data represent the first NPPs records in Wallonia. The first site (Fehxe-le-Haut-Cloché) is an Early Neolithic village (Belgian LBK) situated on the Belgian High Speed Train path Brussels-Liege. It is characterized by outlying houses which are older than the rest of the village’s houses located within an enclosure. Pottery style, techno-functional aspects of flint-tools and AMS C14 dating attest that these isolated houses may be considered as pioneer installations. Pollen and NPPs analyses are based on 35 samples coming from 18 pits and ditches linked to 8 houses belonging to both pioneer and secondary phases. The second site (Spiennes), located in the outskirts of Mons, is well known for its Middle-Late Neolithic flint mines which are listed on the UNESCO World heritage Sites since 2000. The men who started to dig mines in Spiennes had just discovered a profuse deposit of quality, which was to be exploited for more than 1 800 years. In total, around one hundred hectares were to be exploited and thousands of shafts were to be bored. Pollen and NPPs samples (48) have been retrieved from exploited flint layers, extraction shafts infillings and flint knapping workshops of 12 structures scattered on 3 different parcels of the exploitation. The purposes of this study are (i) to reconstruct the vegetation around each site and its evolution between the different occupation phases by means of pollen and NPPs analyses, (ii) to try to characterize local settlement dynamics, nature and function of different structure types, and specialized activities such as animal husbandry, cultures, waste management or mining, and (iii) to compare the pollen and NPPs results with those of the other palaeoenvironmental analyses undertaken (charcoal, seeds and fruit, phytoliths, archaeozoology). Questions relating to the economy and organisation of Neolithic society are also considered.
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications
Inproceedings Reference Understanding prehistoric settlement and land-use systems in Sandy Flanders (NW Belgium) since the last 15000 years: the high-resolution palaeoenvironmental multiproxy records of the Moervaart area
After three decades of intense archaeological prospection in Sandy Flanders, detailed archaeological distribution maps have been produced, showing a distinct pattern regarding the temporal and spatial distribution of the archaeological sites. In order to explain the observed changes in site location an inter-disciplinary project 'Prehistoric settlement and land-use systems in Sandy Flanders (NW Belgium): a diachronic and geoarchaeological approach' has been undertaken. The starting point is that, besides human factors, environmental conditions may have influenced settlement conditions through time, and our research aims thus at analyzing the occupational history of the area in terms of environmental potentials. Indeed, since the Late Pleniglacial the landscape in this area was subjected to major changes due to abrupt climatic fluctuations, and numerous, generally small but elongated sand dunes and shallow lakes were formed, which may have played a role in the settlement dynamics. Palaeoecological (pollen and NPPs, plant macroremains, charcoal, diatoms, ostracods, molluscs, beetles, chironomids) and sedimentological (water content, LOI, magnetic susceptibility, gamma-density, granulometry) analyses are ongoing to reconstruct local and regional past environments and climate change at high resolution during the Late Glacial and Early Holocene. This contribution presents the first palaeoenvironmental results obtained for three sedimentary sequences collected in the Moervaart area, first densely inhabited and then deserted, where a trench and 15 mechanical corings have been made at five different locations along a N-S transect: from a deksandridge to a palaeochannel crossing a shallow but large palaeolake, through the deepest part of the depression. They provide new insights in the palaeolandscape evolution of this area, and may allow us to evaluate in detail how and to which degree this evolution determined the prehistoric occupation and exploitation within Sandy Flanders.
Located in Library / No RBINS Staff publications
Article Reference Understanding the biodiversity and evolutionary history of the amphipod genus Eusirus in the Southern Ocean
Located in Library / RBINS Staff Publications 2019